Chapter 19.3 Flashcards
Hyperplasia
uncontrolled growth
benign tumors
stay in one place and often encapsulated
hyperplasia
in situ cancer
progresses from hyperplasia to dysplasia
remains encapsulated
dysplasia
abnormal structure of uncontrolled growth
malignant cancer
invades neighboring tissue
may metastasize
metastasis
travel through blood/lymph to different parts of the body
proto-oncogenes
function to stimulate cell growth
oncogenes
mutated proto-oncogenes that over stimulate cell growth
Tumor suppressor genes
inhibit cell growth
what type of gene is BRCA-1
mutated tumor suppressor
linked to breast cancer
what type of gene is ras
oncogene
what type of gene is MLH-1
mutated mutator gene
colon, endometrial, and stomach cancers
mutator genes
normally produce DNA repair proteins and fix DNA
carcinogenesis
process of developing cancer
requires accumulation of several mutations
risk factors for cancer
chemical exposure, free radicals, radiation, tobacco, damaged DNA/inherited risk, infections
