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Psy 101 > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

Consciousness

A

alertness : awake vs unconscious
having free will
mental content
“our awareness of ourselves and our environment”

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2
Q

The dual track mind

A

conscious and unconscious track

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3
Q

conscious “high” track mind

A

minds take deliberate actions, we know what we’re doing

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4
Q

unconscious “low” track mind

A

our minds perform automatic actions, often without being aware of them

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5
Q

How do we know about sleep and dreams

A

monitor EEG/brain waves during sleep
expose sleeping person to stimuli and measure effect

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6
Q

Circadian rhythm

A

“about a day rhythm”
bodies natural 24 hr cycle

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7
Q

Sleep stages

A

distinct patterns of brain waves and muscle activity that are associated with different types of consciousness and sleep
4

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8
Q

Sleep cycles

A

Patterns of shifting through all the sleep stages over the course of the night
we cycle through all sleep stages in about 90 minutes on average

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9
Q

Beta waves

A

aware, attentive

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10
Q

Alpha waves

A

awake, inattentive

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11
Q

NREM

A

non rem sleep stages
1-3 gets more relaxed
10 mins
not dreaming

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12
Q

REM

A

Rapid eye movement
heart rate rises and rapid breathing
Eugene Aserinsky discovery (1953)

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13
Q

Sleep paralysis

A

when brainstem blocks motor cortex messages and muscles dont move

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14
Q

Paradoxical sleep

A

brain active, body imobile

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15
Q

how sleep differs

A

age :newborns need a lot, older people need less
genetics
culture: north Americans sleep less
circadian rhythm

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16
Q

Why do we need sleep; niche adaptation

A

adaption to day/night activity
forces animal to conform to well adapted niche

17
Q

why do we need sleep; energy conservation

A

we use less energy when we’re asleep
wild animals need to conserve calories
smaller animals sleep more because of greater heat loss

18
Q

why do we need sleep; memory consolidation

A

brain “burns in” memories from waking hours

19
Q

why do we need sleep; body restoration

A

sleep restores body after waking activity toll

20
Q

Sleep hygiene

A
  1. turn lights off
  2. eat earlier/drink less caffeine
  3. Get up at the same time everyday
  4. exercise
  5. dont check clock
  6. get counselling
  7. sleep tracking
21
Q

Insomnia

A

persistent inability to fall or stay asleep

22
Q

Narcolepsy

A

“numb seizure”
sleep attacks at inopportune times

23
Q

Sleep apnea

A

“with no breath”
repeated awakening after breathing stops; not restorative

24
Q

night terrors

A

sudden scared looking behavior

25
Q

sleepwalking/talking

A

run in families

26
Q

importance of sleep

A

helps young children fight microbial infections, rest, memory, etc

27
Q

Hypnosis

A

hypnotist suggests another person will experience particular perceptions/engage in social behaviors
“mesmerism” - renamed to distance from mesmers magnet idea

28
Q

Stages of hypnosis

A

induction of hypnotic state
suggestion of experience

29
Q

trance theory

A

altered state of consciousness that allows people to be more flexible in experiences and behavior

30
Q

social theory

A

trying to accommodate hypnotist

31
Q

Meditation

A

practice of focusing attention in order to relax body/mind/reduce stress

32
Q

Psychoactive drugs

A

chemicals introduced to body that alter perception mood and others

33
Q

Tolerance

A

diminished psychoactive effects after repeated use of drug

34
Q

Withdrawal

A

painful symptoms in body adjusting to absence of drug

35
Q

Dependence

A

physical - body altered in ways that create drug cravings (withdrawal)
psychological - drug becomes “needed” to relax, socialize, sleep

36
Q

Depressents

A

reduce neural activity/body function
alcohol, opiates, barbiturates

37
Q

Stimulants

A

intensify neural activity/body function
caffeine, nicotine, meth, coke

38
Q

Hallucinogens

A

interfere with serotonin transmission -> causes hallucinations
LSD, Marijuana

39
Q

Factors that turn drug use into dependence

A

Biological: genes, dependence in relatives, thrill-seeking childhood
Psychological: seeking gratification, depression, problems with assessing risks/costs
Social: media glorification, observing peers

Psy 101 (13 decks)

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