Chapter 3 Flashcards
Biological Psychology
Neuroscience, behavior genetic
Neurons
Atoms of the mind
Neuron main structure
cell body
Dendrites
on cell body, receive messages
rites rhymes with kites (kite struck by lightening and receive electronic message)
Axon
Passes messages to other neurons
“ax on” ax stuck in someones ma (passes messages through ax)
Terminal branches
how the neuron forms connections
Myelin sheath
speed neurol connection
action potential
Neurol impulse travels down axon toward terminals
threshold
cell sends action potential when “fire” signals outweigh “dont fire” signals
Synapse
Gap between cells
junction between axon tip and dendrite or cell body of receiving neutron
Neurotransmitters
Chemicals used to send signal across synaptic gaps
Reuptake
recycling neurotransmitters
taken back into sending neuron to be used again
Central nervous system
brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system
“the rest” of the nervous system
sends info to and from the rest of the body
Sympathetic nervous system
Nervous system arouses (fight or flight)
Parasympathetic
Nervous system calms (rest and digest)
Adrenal glands
produce hormones
fight or flight responds to stress by sending message to release hormones
Pituitary gland
“master gland” of endocrine system, produces growth hormone and regulates glands
Endocrine System
Sends molecules as messages through blood
hormones go to brain and tissue
Lesions
study brain by intentional surgical destruction of brain tissue
Split brain
study by observing connections between hemispheres cut
EEG (electroencephalogram)
recording of electrical waves sweeping across brain surface
PET (position emission tomography)
See what part of the brain is active
MRI (magnetic resonance imaging)
Images from signal produced by brain tissue (structures)
functional mri
brain activity and function
Brainstem and cerebellum
coordinates the body
balance coordination and motor functions
Limbic (border) system
manage emotions and connect thoughts to body
Basic needs
F f’s
feeding forgetting fighting fornicating and forgetting
Cortex
integrates information
Medulla
controls base functions like heartbeat and breathing
Olympic athletes wear medals that cover their heart and lungs
Pons
Coordinate automatic and unconscious movement
ponds are relaxing, relaxing is unconscious
Thalamus
Sensory router, all senses except smell
Thal and amus are traffic directors
Reticular formation
Nerve network in the brain stem
“tickle” alertness and motivation
Cerebellum
Coordinate voluntary movement, nonverbal learning and memory
bell -> ring a bell
Limbic system
Fear and aggression, basic drives, and formation of episodic memories above brain stem
Basic needs
F f’s
feeding forgetting fighting fornicating and forgetting
Hippocampus
Process conscious, episodic memories, works with amygdala to form emotionally charged memories
Hippo lost on campus (cant remember)
Amygdala
helps process emotions like fear and aggression.
The rest of the brain is a wig and its spooky
Hypothalamus
Regulates body temp and ensures adequate food and water intake, directs endocrine system via messages to pituitary
Hypo -> hypothermia
survival
Cerebral Cortex
Outer part that coats the brain grey
inner white axons link brain
feed and protect neurons
“cereal court” complex thinking
Frontal lobe
Speaking, muscle movement, judgement, exec. functions
front door with Einstein (complex thinker) behind it
Parietal lobe
Sensory Cortex
Piranha biting the top of your head ouch-> senses
Occipital lobe
visual areas
Occular
Temporal lobe
auditory processing
Temporal -> by temples
