Chapter 6 Vocab Flashcards
an enzyme that is found in the telomeres of chromosomes in cells and that preserves the length of telomeres across cell division
telomerase
a discontinuously synthesized DNA strand that elongates in a direction away from the replication fork
Lagging strand
a small circular DNA molecule the replicates independent of the genome
plasmid
the new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5’ to 3’ direction
leading strand
enzymatic processes that correct errors in the DNA molecule
DNA repair
the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA strand that directs the synthesis of the new DNA strand
template
the ability of DNA polymerase to correct it’s own errors
proof reading
the copying process of DNA molecules
DNA replication
RNA virus that replicates in a cell by first making a DNA copy
retrovirus
a single-stranded nucleic acid molecule involved in protein synthesis, the structure of which is specified by DNA
RNA
an enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA in the 5’ to 3’ direction by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain
DNA polymerase
an obligate intracellular parasite with a nucleic acid genome
virus
a heritable change in the DNA of genes that ultimately creates genetic diversity
mutation
a segment of DNA that is capable of inserting copies of itself into the other DNA sites within the same cell
transposon
a Y-shaped point on a replicating DNA molecule where new strands are growing
replication fork
