Chapter 14 Vocab

Question 1

the incorporation of carbon from atmospheric CO2 into the carbon in organic molecules

Answer 1

carbon fixation

Question 2

a group of molecules in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion that synthesize ATP

Answer 2

electron transport chain

Question 3

a protein complex that produces ATP

Answer 3

ATP synthase

Question 4

the conversion by certain soil microorganisms, of atmospheric nitrogen into compounds that plants and other organisms can assimilate

Answer 4

nitrogen fixation

Question 5

the light-harvesting unit in photosynthesis, located on the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Answer 5

photosystem

Question 6

the inner-most compartment of a mitochondrion

Answer 6

matrix

Question 7

the fluid of the chloroplast surrounding the thylakoid membrane

Answer 7

stroma

Question 8

an organelle in eukaryotic cells that serves as the site of cellular respiration

Answer 8

mitochondria

Question 9

the conversion of light energy to chemical energy stored in glucose or other organic molecules

Answer 9

photosynthesis

Question 10

a green pigment located within the chloroplast of plants

Answer 10

chlorophyll

Question 11

an iron-containing protein, a component of electron transport chains in mitochondria and chloroplast

Answer 11

cytochrome (C)

Question 12

a mobile electron carrier found in the respiratory and photosynthetic electron-transport chains

Answer 12

quinone

Question 13

a chemical reaction involving the transfer of one or more electrons from one reactant to another

Answer 13

redox reaction

Question 14

the ability of membranes to harness the energy stored in the H+ gradient to drive ATP synthesis

Answer 14

chemiosmotic coupling

Question 15

the production of ATP using energy derived from the redox reactions of the electron transport chain

Answer 15

oxidative phosphorylation