Chapter 4 Vocab Flashcards
a spiral form or structure
helix
a small molecule that binds to specific site on a larger molecule (receptor)
ligand
inhibition. an inhibitor of activity due to the production of an end product of the action
feedback
molecules (usually proteins) that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions
enzyme
an enzyme that transfers ATP to a protein
kinase
one of the parts of a larger structure
subunit
the structure formed at the highest energy state in a reaction
transition state
a group of proteins clearly related in an evolution sense
protein family
a protein secondary structure resulting from hydrogen boning between atoms that are not close in the backbone
beta sheet
the covalent attached portion of a protein that does not include the amino acid side chains
polypeptide backbone
the primary structure of a protein
amino acid sequence
two alpha-helices wrapped around each other
coiled coil
an enzyme that removes a phosphate from a protein
phosphatase
an allosteric protein whose conformation and activity depends on the attachment of GTP
GTP binding protein
a portion of a protein that has specific shape and performs a specific function
protein domain
the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
conformation
a protein that uses the energy of ATP to move along a substrate
motor protein
a region on a protein, DNA, or RNA to which specific other molecules form a chemical bond
binding site
a protein secondary structure resulting from hydrogen bonding between atoms that are close in the backbone
alpha helix
the substance on which an enzyme acts
substrate
a change in the shape (and activity) on an enzyme caused by binding of a substance at al location other that the active site
allosteric
the attachment of a phosphate to a protein
phosphorylation
immune system protein that binds very tightly to a certain antigen
antibody
the portion of amino acids not included in the backbone of a protein
side chain
molecule or part of a molecule that an antibody binds to
antigen
covalent bond formed between two cysteine amino acid side chains
disulfide
the site on an enzyme where the reaction takes place
active site
a nearly round shaped protein
globular protein
protein structure that results from interactions between backbone atoms
secondary structure
polymer of amino acids
proteins
a long slender protein such as collagen, intermediate filaments, etc.
fibrous protein
