Chapter 20 Vocab

Question 1

the production of embryonic stem cells for use in replacing or repairing damaged tissues or organs

Answer 1

therapeutic cloning

Question 2

situated near the base or bottom of a structure

Answer 2

basal

Question 3

cell junction with the inside portion of the cell attached to actin filaments

Answer 3

adherents junction

Question 4

a gene whose normal function is to protect a cell form one step on the path doc cancer

Answer 4

tumor suppressor gene

Question 5

half of a spot junction

Answer 5

hemidesmosome

Question 6

network of protein and polysaccharides that cell secrete attach to

Answer 6

extracellular matrix

Question 7

cells obtained form an embryo in the blastula phase which have only begun to differentiate and retain the ability to develop into any cell in the body

Answer 7

embryonic stem cell

Question 8

making a full living copy of an organism; requires a surrogate mother

Answer 8

reproductive cloning

Question 9

the ability of a cell and its descendants to retain the effects of past influences

Answer 9

cell memory

Question 10

the transference of malignant or cancerous cells to other parts of the body

Answer 10

metastasis

Question 11

a gene that causes that transformation of normal cells into cancerous tumor cells

Answer 11

oncogene

Question 12

communication junction

Answer 12

gap junction

Question 13

describes the tip or top of a cell structure

Answer 13

apical

Question 14

cell to cell junction mediated by cadherin molecules

Answer 14

desmosome

Question 15

groups of similar cells organized to carry out one of more specific functions

Answer 15

tissue

Question 16

regions of connection between two cells or one cell with the extracellular matrix

Answer 16

cell junction

Question 17

a glycoprotein in the extracellular matrix of animal cells that forms strong fibers in connective tissue and bone

Answer 17

collagen

Question 18

cells in bone marrow that produce lymphocytes by mitotic division, for example

Answer 18

stem cell

Question 19

junctions between the plasma membranes of adjacent cells in animals that form a barrier, preventing materials from passing between the cells

Answer 19

tight junction

Question 20

a diseased caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division

Answer 20

cancer

Question 21

what epithelial cells attach to

Answer 21

basal lamina