Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych > Chapter 6- Memory > Flashcards

Chapter 6- Memory Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

Myths about memory:

A
  1. memory is not a THING (abstract, hard to observe)
  2. memory is not A thing (correlated to all senses)
  3. memory can be affected (other sources, self fufilling prophecy)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Does intelligence determine memory?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Encoding

A

making sense out of an experience to remember it to store it, transforming experience

ex:) coding a computer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Storage

A

maintaing information

ex:) saving/storing the file

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Retrieval

A

Bringing to Mind

ex:) Searching for the file when you need it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the point of the cardboard box analogy?

A

represents ENCODING (encoding the info gets the right stuff into the box)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

can memory be influenced?

A

Yes (surroundings, emotions, beliefs)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sensory memory

A

all memory starts with an input, that input goes into sensory memory (it has a HUGE capacity, small/short duration)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

George Sperling

A

do people receive the whole of a visual scene? Yes, but we forget it before we can even remember it

Sperling-> visual scene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Iconic memory

A

visual memory, (fast decaying -> 1 second)

ex:) iconic->photo->visual memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Echoic memory

A

auditory memory (fast decaying-> 5 seconds)

ex:) echo->sound->auditory memory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

primacy effect

A

you remember things at the very beginning (like on a grocery list)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

recency effect

A

remembering things at the very end (like on a grocery list)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

serial position curve

A

people remember the beginning and the end, forget the middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

short term memory

A

memory that decays after 15-30 seconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

rehearsal

A

repetition that makes information stick in your head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

decay

A

when learned material dies/leaves the brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

interference

A

distraction during memorization that makes it difficult to recall information

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

George Miller

A

people could remember 7 (+/- 2) separate individual digits (recent research says it is lower now, 4 +/- 1)
“Killer numbers”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

chunking

A

putting small groups of letters/numbers together to remember them

ex:) ANIFCTBTCBCINA
FBI, CIA, CNN, ABC, TNT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

working memory process

A

1.input
2.sensory memory, phonological loop and visuospatial battle over central executive
3.long term memory

21
Q

phonological loop

A

verbal and auditory information

22
Q

visuospatial sketchpad

A

visual and spatial information

23
Q

central executive

A

focuses attention between phonological and visuospatial

24
Q

Association Network Theory (ANT)

A

the more associations/connections you make with something you want to memorize, the more likely you will remember it (quantity of association)

ANTs have associations/friends

25
Q

semantic encoding

A

the quality of the association that you make is important, the better it will stick (quality of association)

“Special encoding”

26
Q

visual imagery encoding

A

making a visual scenario to remember things from a familiar place you know

ex:) Br Merrit making a scene at his apart with eggs, butter, chocolate chips and sugar to remember ingredients he had to buy

27
Q

organizational encoding

A

group things that have similarities/relationships and group them together

28
Q

survival related encoding

A

remembering where things are is related to survival instinct even when disoriented

29
Q

elaborative rehearsal

A

putting things in your own words to remember a topic

30
Q

Ways to encode

A

visualize, mnemonics, teach someone else, organize info, test yourself

31
Q

explicit declarative memory

A

Consciously recalling facts and information (semantic and episodic)

32
Q

semantic memory

A

facts, data, concepts

33
Q

episodic memory

A

details and feelings tied to events

34
Q

implicit/nondeclarative memory

A

information we memorize unintentionally or do without thinking (ex: muscle memory)

35
Q

priming

A

early exposure to information leads to an increased response

36
Q

Procedural Memory

A

Procedure of something starting explicit until it becomes implicit

Hard and consciously thinking about it to easy and natural

37
Q

failure to retrieve/tip of the tongue phenomenon

A

when you struggle to retrieve a piece of information

38
Q

retrieval is used to take things out of ___________ memory

A

long term

39
Q

free recall

A

when you can recall something without any cues/clues (ex: essay question)

40
Q

retrieval cues

A

when you can recall information with the help of a cue (ex: multiple-choice questions)

41
Q

encoding specificity

A

external/environmental cues affect how you learn and recall information (study and test in similar places)

42
Q

state-dependent learning

A

internal cues affect how you learn and remember information (ex: emotions, mindset)

43
Q

flashbulb memories

A

emotionally vivid memories (can be happy or traumatic)

44
Q

source monitoring

A

attributing things to the wrong source bc your mind is in a fragile state (ex: the lady thought she was attacked by the game show host)

45
Q

misinformation effect

A

the kind of questions you are asked about a memory can lead to different ways we remember an experience

46
Q

storage decay

A

memory gets lost among other memories

47
Q

proactive interference

A

old learning interferes with new learning

48
Q

retroactive interference

A

new learning interferes with old learning

49
Q

retrograde amnesia

A

loss of past memories (recent past, not your whole childhood)

Psych (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions