Art History Exam 3 Flashcards
Fibula
clasp to keep a cloak on
Burnish
smooth the coffin with a hard surface to make a hard shein
tumulus
an artificial mound built over a tomb that contains art, artifacts and goods, in a Necropolis outside of regular living area
Romulus and Remus
twins raised by a she wolf that founded rome (mainly Romulus, hence the name)
Circus Maximus
U shaped chariot racing stadium that was used for entertainment
Obelisk
tall 4 sided monument w a pyramid on the top
Engaged columns
columns attached to a wall
Triumphal Arch
monumental arch structure built by ancient romans to commemorate/ honor someone important
Forum
civic space in a roman city
Baths
public bathing area
Colosseum
grand monument where people would put on brutal spectacles like animal spectacles and gladiator combats
Pilasters
a column that comes out of a wall, decorative, flat and boxy, does not support the building
Bust sculpture
sculpture of just the head and chest
Syncretism
blending different art styles and cultures together in a new combination
Barrel vault
like a tunnel, long curved arch
Groin vault
2 intersecting barrel vault
buttress
architectural element that supports/reinforces a wall, kinda reminds me of a branch of cement that connects two columns/arches
bay
space in between architectural elements or a design unit within a building (like the space an arch creates between the bottom of its two pillars)
pier
vertical support structure helps carry the weight of the structure, the thicker ones in between columns
spandrel
Flat space in between arches that conjoins them together (triangle thing)
Keystone
middle stone of an arcg that is the stabilizing piece
Voussoirs
wedge shaped stones in an arch, stones around the keystone
Jamb
vertical sides of arch on either side of the opening that are CONNECTED TO THE WALL
Springing
first two stones in the arch, furthest from the keystone
Piers
the large column where the arch rests and CONNECTS TWO ARCHES TOGETHER and does NOT touch the wall
Concrete
building material that lasted super long
Classicizing
art that imitates the art of ancient greece and rome
Veristic
sculpture that is lifelike, very realistic w lots of impurity details
Mosaic tesserae
small, regular pieces of material used to make mosaics
Atmospheric perspective
creates illusion of depth and perspective in a painting, shows things as far away
Curved colonnade
curving wall of columns, series of columns joined by entablature that is free-standing
Augustus
first emperor of rome, he emulated some greek sculpture
Composite style column-
scrolls, acanthus leaves, base, fluting, BIG scrolls, blend ionic and corinthian
Tuscan style column
kinda like doric, no fluting, base, plain capital
Dome
curved, spherical ceiling
Coffers
decorative sunken panels in the shape of squares, rectangles or octagons
Oculus
circular opening, seen in pantheon
Equestrian statue-
propaganda of ruling regime
Eclectic
combining different art styles into a single work
Buon fresco
paint on wet plaster
Secco fresco
paint on dry plaster
Mystery cults
cults not allowed bc it didn’t follow with the main religion
Peristyle Baths
baths w columns surrounding the space
Basilica
civic halls used in roma since the republic, rectangular w a semicircular thing on the end
Aisles
interior space divided, long middle aisle called ht nave, side aisled flank the nave
Clerestory
upper wall with windows, normally big and arched
Apse
a semicircular or polygonal recess in a building that’s often used for worship and ceremonial activities
Peristyle
row of columns surrounding interior space
Colossus
big statue that is bigger than life sized
Roundels
picture w a round frame
Deify
glorification of a person, idea or animal like they are a deity
Soldier-emperors
art that shows roman emperors that they seized by force w militia
Findspot
place were an architectural object was found
Porphyry
purple stone that is hard to carve, normally commissioned by emperors
Constantine & Christianity
constantine made christianity legal, eventually it became the main religion
Republican era vs. Empire
republic run by several members, empire only ruled by one
Incrustation style (first)
paint and stucco to imitate marble and masonry stone
faux marble
marble stones painted onto a wall, incrustation style
Architectural Style (second)
opens up to include figures and architecture, more depth, fantasy realm, gardens
illusionist effects
gives depth and perspective to art
Ornate Style (third)
solid planes, intense colors like black and red, accented w architectural features, largely abandoned illusionism of second style
Intricate (fourth)
used all the styles together
