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Psych > Chapter 4- Conciousness > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Conciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

The problem of other minds

A

how can we be sure other people are real/have lives when we can only infer from others’ behavior and testimony?

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2
Q

Renes Descartes

A

“I think therefore I am”, doubted everything but believed in his own existance

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3
Q

Mind-body problem

A

how does something immaterial manipulate something material/ how does our mind affect our body?

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4
Q

Consciousness

A

private, personal subject experience to an individual agent

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5
Q

Phenomenology

A

seeing the world through someone else’s perspective
con: confronting reality

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6
Q

minimal consciousness

A

no thoughts, daydreaming, relaxed

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7
Q

full consciousness

A

individual awareness of thoughts and environment

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8
Q

self-conciousness

A

being self-aware
pro: meditation, being aware of mind and body
con: seems self centered

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9
Q

cocktail party phenomenon

A

tuning certain things out but you can’t tune everything out

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10
Q

selective attention

A

you can choose what to focus on in a busy setting

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11
Q

dichotic listening

A

when you hear two different sounds in each ear but can only really make sense of one sound at a time

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12
Q

multitasking

A

MYTH: you can’t do it, you bounce your focus between two tasks bc you can’t do two things at the same time

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13
Q

thought suppression

A

avoid thinking thoughts you don’t want to deal with
ex:) stress, trauma w roommate, etc.

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14
Q

Is thought suppression effective?

A

No

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15
Q

rebound effect

A

when you want something to happen so bad the opposite/unwanted effect occurs
ex:) trying to get someone to like you, “porn kills love”, wanting to go to sleep but you can’t

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16
Q

most important thing in someone’s life?

A

SLEEP

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17
Q

why do we sleep?

A

evolutionary theory, clearing the mind, growth, restorative theory; learning, memory, and theological development

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18
Q

how does evolutionary theory affect sleeping?

A

conserve energy and avoid being active when most vulnerable

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19
Q

What does restorative theory have to do with sleeping?

A

body needs to replenish and heal itself when sleeping

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20
Q

neurological development (learning and memory) while sleeping

A

sleep helps process what you learn

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21
Q

how many hours of sleep do you need a night?

A

minimum is 7-7.5 hours (don’t exceed 9)

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22
Q

when you study and you need a nap to get back energy, how long should you nap?

A

20-30 miutes

23
Q

stage 1 sleep (N1)

A

theta waves (lower than alpha, still easy to wake up, drifting off), 5% of sleep

24
Q

when you are relaxed/drowsy, what kind of waves is your brain emitting?

A

alpha waves

25
Q

Stage 2 sleep (N2)

A

sleep spindles/k complex are short bursts of activity, 50% of sleep

26
Q

Stage 3 sleep (N3)

A

delta waves, out cold, low brain activity, 20-25% of sleep

27
Q

Stage R sleep (REM sleep/rapid eye movement)

A

sawtooth waves, 20-25% of sleep, where most dreaming occurs (brain is active)

28
Q

REM rebound

A

when you are woken up from REM sleep and you fall asleep again, you go immediately into REM sleep

29
Q

Why do we sleep?

A

To dream

30
Q

Does everybody dream?

A

Yes, even if you don’t remember it

31
Q

Muscle inhibition

A

brain tries to prevent us from acting out our dreams in real life by stopping us from running/moving a lot in our dreams

32
Q

Randy Gardner Test proved what?

A

Sleep is expendable

33
Q

How long does each sleep cycle take?

A

90 minutes

34
Q

Insomnia

A

makes it so you can’t fall asleep or you can’t stay asleep/get to deeper sleep cycles and have a restful night

35
Q

What causes Insomnia?

A

stress and anxiety, abusing sleeping pills (including melatonin), rebound effect (try hard to fall asleep but can’t)

36
Q

Sleep Apnea

A

Stops you from breathing while you are sleeping

37
Q

What causes Sleep Apnea?

A

obesity

38
Q

Narcolepsy

A

when aroused/feeling a strong emotion, people fall asleep randomly

39
Q

Somnabolism

A

sleep walking (delta waves)

ex:) som (sleep) “ambling” around

40
Q

Sleep Paralysis

A

in between awake and asleep

41
Q

night terrors

A

deep sleep screaming, twitching; you forget when you wake up

42
Q

activation-synthesis model

A

if neurons aren’t activated, they stop working. Dreaming allows the neurons to keep working and strong

43
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

believed in “iceberg” analogy with us being awake or unaware of different consciousnesses of ourselves

44
Q

repression

A

How things get into our unconcious

45
Q

Manifest content

A

content that is showing up in the dream

46
Q

Latent content

A

meaning of the content in the dream

47
Q

Tolerance

A

once you use drugs, your brain struggles to feel dopamine and gets used to drugs so now you can’t feel happiness without drugs. The more you use the drugs, the more you have to use because your brain gets used to it

48
Q

Physiological dependency

A

when your body needs drugs/stimulation outside the body

49
Q

Withdrawal symptoms

A

migraines, shakes, cold sweats

50
Q

Psychological dependency

A

you think about and desire drugs/crave

51
Q

Depressants

A

slows down the nervous system, depresses the frontal lobe, and stops you from regulating their behavior

ex:) Alcohol, why people are crazy when drinking

52
Q

Hallucinogens

A

creates an altered state of consciousness

ex:) marijuana, LSD, mushrooms

52
Q

Stimulants

A

increases/enhances the nervous system

ex:) caffeine, cocaine

53
Q

Cocaine is a stimulant that can cause what kinds of dependency?

A

psychological and physiological dependency

Psych (12 decks)

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