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Psych > Art History Exam 4 > Flashcards

Art History Exam 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Mandorla

A

Almond frame

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2
Q

Triumphal arch

A

glorifies light in the world

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3
Q

Colonnade

A

line of columns

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4
Q

Altar

A

a raised structure used for worship, sacrifice, and prayer

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5
Q

Transept

A

a cross-shaped section of a church that intersects the main body of the building at right angles

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6
Q

Clerestory

A

tall windows on a wall in a line

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7
Q

Eucharist

A

a sacrament that commemorates Christ’s death and resurrection, and is also known as communion or Holy Communion

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7
Q

spolia

A

art taken from other places and repurposed

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8
Q

Mausoleum

A

large, sepulchral monument, typically made of stone, that is used to inter and enshrine the remains of a famous or powerful person.

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9
Q

Lunette

A

a semi-circular or crescent-shaped architectural space or feature that can be filled with art

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10
Q

Icons in Orthodox Christianity

A

living images, devotion to image is the same as devotion to what it represents and is, Not idol worship

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11
Q

basilica plan

A

long, rectangular building with a central nave

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12
Q

central plan

A

symmetrical design w a central point, circular or polygonal

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13
Q

Diptych

A

art made from two panels

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14
Q

Christian Basilica

A

a church building that is based on the architectural form of the ancient Roman basilica

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14
Q

Crusades

A

religious wars that took place during the middle ages

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15
Q

Synagogue

A

place of worship and study for jews

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16
Q

Anti-semitism

A

hostility or prejudice against Jews

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17
Q

Torah shrine

A

an ornate cabinet that enshrines the sacred Torah scrolls used for public worship

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18
Q

Edict of Milan

A

a proclamation issued in 313 CE that granted religious freedom to Christians and other faiths in the Roman Empire

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19
Q

narthex

A

porch at the enterance of a church

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20
Q

ambulatory

A

semicircular or polygonal aisle, covered walkway

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21
Q

atrium

A

open-sky entrance of a roman home

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22
Q

Nave

A

middle aisle

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23
Apse
a semicircular or polygonal recess in a building that often houses the altar
24
Transept
a cross-shaped section of a church that intersects the main body of the building at right angles (t)
25
Aisle
side walkways
26
Greek Cross church
Greek is a small cross building, fit in a square, more common in east
27
Typology/Prefiguration
a system for organizing and classifying artworks based on shared characteristics
28
Iconography
a particular range or system of types of image used by an artist or artists to convey particular meanings
29
Liturgy
any work of art that pertains in some way to the rite of Christian worship.
30
Orant
a figure in a prayer pose, often with outstretched arms
31
Good Shepherd trope
shows jesus as protective w sheep who guides his followers
32
Catacombs
An underground cemetery consisting of tunnels on multiple levels
33
Quran
word of god, It was revealed to Muhammad through the angel Gabriel.
34
Muhammad
founder of islam, proclaimer of quran
35
Hypostyle hall
hall with rows of columns
36
Mihrab
niche in the wall that points to Mecca
37
Mecca
holy city
38
Minaret
tall thin tower
39
Qibla
direction of the mecca (?)
40
Minbar
pulpit in the form of a staircase
41
hanging lamps
used to light mosques and other public buildings, made of glass and gold leaf
42
muezzin
a Muslim crier who, from a minaret (a tall tower) of a mosque, calls Muslims to prayer five times a day
43
Iznik Tile
blue and white tile, influenced by chinese ceramics, popular in spain and greece
44
Iwan
summer gathering place, vaulted spaced often attached to courtyards
45
Geometric arabesque
a decorative style of art that uses intricate patterns of floral, geometric, and abstract motifs
46
Islamic calligraphy
became popular because they didn’t use images to worship
47
Ottoman Empire
An empire developed by the Turks between the fourteenth and twentieth centuries
48
Squinches
transition from octagonal to round dome
49
Pendentives
a triangular architectural component that supports a dome over a square or polygonal space
50
Pier
A larger, wider column that offers support to a building or arch
51
three themes of islamic art
written word is important, artistic expressions independant of the human figure (no images, jsut patterns), equality of genres
52
Double portico
colonnaded porch or entrance to a structure, or a covered walkway supported by regularly spaced columns
53
Muqarnas
ceiling vaulting that looks like honeycomb on the ceiling in niche elements
54
Horseshoe arch
curves more than a roman arch and then goes straight down, goes in and down
55
Sutton Hoo ship burial
Found by edith pretty, had the helmet, other trinkets and left an impression in the earth
56
“Animal” style
a decorative style characterized by stylized, often abstract, and intricate depictions of animals
57
Chi-Ro
A symbol for Jesus Christ used in Christian art, (PX)
58
Carpet page
art in book that looks like a carpet
59
Evangelist portrait
a specific type of miniature or illustration, often in illuminated manuscripts, featuring the four Evangelists (Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John) and their symbols
60
Monastery
a place where monks or nuns live and worship together, and may also be a place of solitude for hermits.
61
Abbey church
housing for monks and nuns
62
Double transept plan
a church layout featuring two sets of transepts
63
Westwork
the monumental entrance to a church that faces west
64
Tribune
a raised gallery or platform in a church or other building that's used for viewing or making speeches
65
matthews sign
winged man/angel
66
mark sign
lion
67
luke sign
ox
68
john sign
eagle
69
christ triumphant vs suffering christ
First shows the glory/untouchable portrayal of jesus, second shows more emotion and sacrifice
70
Reliquary
container that holds a relic
71
Ravenna
important port in ancient rome
72
Constantinople (Byzantium)
Largest city in turkey
73
Constantine the Great
made christianity legal
73
Galla Placidia
Daughter of emperor, sister of the man who would rule the western capital, married in a political alliance, she ruled a part of the western roman empire until her son could take over
74
Justinian & Theodora
emperor and empress of the Byzantine Empire
74
Mimar Sisan
Ottoman architect who designed many mosques and other structures, including bridges and caravansaries
75
Suleyman the Magnificent
he commission architecture, made a legal system,
76
Muhammad
founder of islam, proclaimer of quran
77
Charlemagne
king of the Franks and Christian emperor of the West, inforced a lot of literacy and education, crowned emperor by Pope Leo III
78
Early Christian art
religious work with tiles, depicting jesus and disciples, greek cross architecture
79
Early Medieval
fusion of artistic styles, techniques, and iconography from the late Roman, early Christian, and "barbarian" Northern European cultures
80
Byzantine art
displays religious art, weird perspective
81
Jewish art
odd perspective, religion based, incorporated tradition and rituals into paintings and architecture
82
Islamic art
calligraphy became popular because they didn’t use images to worship, no idols
83
Hiberno-Saxon art
curvy lines and fancy letters of celts, zoomorphic/bejeweled, and human figure and christianity
84
Carolingian
revival of classical forms and motifs, known for its illuminated manuscripts and architecture, particularly the westwork
85
Ottonian
“expressive realism", large-scale sculpture (ex doors)
86
gallery
second floor above aisles

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