art history exam 2 Flashcards
Buon fresco
painting on wet plaster, its very stable, creates a chemical bond for the paint to combine with the wall
Secco fresco
paint on dry plaster
Cyclopean
massive stone structures (believed to have been made by cyclops is told in The Odyssey)
Corbelling
use of architecture to construct stones and move them in a bit more on each level so there was a triangle space
Citadel
fortified structure that is often located within a city or town
Dromos
An avenue or passage leading into an ancient Greek temple or tomb, especially one lined with rows of columns or statues
Tholos
a circular building with a conical or vaulted roof and with or without a peristyle, or surrounding colonnade
Clay slip
used to decorate the pot w clay pigments, oxidation would change the color of the pigment to make it black, slip used to decorate clay pots, used to decorate the pot w clay pigments, oxidation would change the color of the pigment to make it black
Terracotta
materials made out of baked clay (art, sculpture, architecture)
Amphora
storage jars, used as grave markers, tapered bottom, wider middle and top, thin mouth and rim
Krater
pottery with a thin bottom and a bigger, wider top with a rim not tapered
doric
column with a plain top, a fluted shaft, and no base
ionic
column with scroll capital, fluting in the sides, base
corinthian
column with scrolls, acanthus leaves, fluting
Caryatid
sculptures used in place of columns
Entablature
architectural element that contains the cornice, frieze, and the architrave beneath the roof/triangle top
frieze
decorative horizontal band in greek architecture/ continuous sculpture in a band
Entasis
Shape of columns where the bulge in the middle and taper at top, emphasizes that the columns are holding a lot of weight
Kore
female sculpture that is dressed
Kourus
male sculpture in the nude
Archaic smile
used to portray well-being/transcendence, less about emotion
Pediment
triangle gable on top that is supported by columns, often has sculpture in it
High relief
sculpture that come out from the stone it was carved from to create a sense of depth
Black-figured technique
entire design in black silhouette against reddish clay, then incised details w a needle, then painted white and purple over black to make parts stand out (subjects are black), it came before the red-figure technique
Red-figured technique
opposite of black technique, painted instead w a brush (more naturalism) (subjects are red), when it became popular it surpassed the black-figure technique
Greek canon
guidelines used in sculpture
Acropolis
city on mountain, mainly religious buildings
Triglyph
decorative panel with three bands
Metope
decorated space between triglyphs, often had sculpture but it would fall off a lot
Architrave
beam below frieze
Phidian Style
sculpture with detailed flowy fabric that emphasizes movement
Engaged columns
columns coming out of a wall
Colonnade
series of columns in a straight line that support entablature
Mosaic
art made with little pieces of colored glass squares (other materials can also be used)
Virtuosity
great technical skill and precision
Octastyle
8 columns on either end, it makes it very wide and makes a u shaped cella
Sir Arthur Evans
found the bull piece of people vaunting over a bull
Heinrich Schliemann
German ammeture archeologist who discovered Mycenae
Plato
He was a philosopher, a student of Socrates.
Art is a representation of the world, best art imitates the ideal form of something
Theory of forms- there are perfect realms, there is a perfect couch
Likeness vs appearance making: How close are we to replicating the true nature of the object?
Aristotle
Understanding through artistic reconveyance than merely copying reality (art is a lie that tells the truth)
Alexander the Great
wanted to defeat persia and wanted asian as far to india
He was forced to retreat out of india partially due to elephant forces in the army
He began the dawn of hellenistic era
Athens
Democracy
Capital of greece
Delphi
an oracle that would predict the future and give prophecies/ major art center in ancient times
