Chapter 6 - Coordination and Regulation: Nervous Systems

Question 1

nerve impulse

Answer 1

change that occurs in the electrical charge along a neurone membrane in response to a particular stimulus

Question 2

pathway of nerve impulse

Answer 2

neuron stimulated
transmits nerve impulse along axon
end of axon transmitted across synapse to neurone, muscle or gland

Question 3

all or nothing law

Answer 3

the initial stimulus is either sufficient to generate a nerve impulse or not

Question 4

do nerve impulses vary in size

Answer 4

NO

rates of impulses can vary but their intensity does not

Question 5

synapse

Answer 5

junction between 2 neurons

Question 6

nerve-muscle junction

Answer 6

junction between a neuron and a muscle

Question 7

neurotransmitters

Answer 7

chemical involved in the transmission of an impulse

Question 8

where are neurotransmitters produced

Answer 8

at the end an axon

Question 9

pathway of neurotransmitters

Answer 9

produced at end of axon
packaged in vesicles
released into synaptic cleft
diffuses across it and binds to post-synaptic membrane receptor on the target cells

Question 10

what ions are involved in neurotransmitters being released into the synapse

Answer 10

Ca2+

Question 11

how are neurotransmitters released into the synapse

Answer 11

exocytosis

Question 12

what happens once an impulse is transmitted

Answer 12

neurotransmitter is broken down in the synaptic cleft

Question 13

neurohormone

Answer 13

a hormone released by an axon end of a neuron into the blood stream

Question 14

pathway of neurohormones

Answer 14

released into blood
travel to target organs
signal is traduced
receptor cells respond

Question 15

Osmoregulation

Answer 15

Maintenance of constant internal salt and water concentrations