Chapter 6 - Cardiorespiratory, Endocrine, and Digestive Systems Flashcards
Right side of the heart
Pulmonic side, receives blood from the body (deoxygenated blood), and pumps it to the lungs
Left side of the heart
Systemic side, receives oxygenated blood from lungs, and pumps it to rest of body
Valsalva maneuver
Breathing out against closed windpipe with lips, creating additional abdominal pressure and spinal stability
Atrium
Superior chamber(s) of heart that gathers blood returning to the heart
Ventricle
Inferior chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the lungs and body
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Located in the right atrium, this node initiates and electrical signal that causes the heart the beat
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Located between the atria and ventricles, this node delays the impulse from the sinoatrial node before allowing it to pass to the ventricles
Systolic pressure
The pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts
Diastolic pressure
The arterial pressure during relaxation of the heart, when the heart fill with blood between beats
Hypothalamus (endocrine system)
a gland located in the brain that communicates with the pituitary gland
Pineal gland (endocrine system)
a small gland in the brain that secretes the hormone melatonin, which helps regulate sleep cycles
Pancreas (endocrine system)
an organ that produces insulin, glucagon, and digestive juices
Thyroid gland
located in the anterior neck, responsible for the secretion of many hormones, including thryroxin and calcitonin
Pituitary gland (endocrine system)
controls the secretion of many hormones, including growth hormones
Adrenal gland (endocrine system)
located just above the kidneys, responsible for the secretion of catecholamines and cortisol
Catecholamines
hormones produced by the adrenal glands that are part of the stress response known as fight or flight response
Insulin-like growth factors (IGF)
anabolic hormone produced by the liver, which is responsible for growth and development
Anabolic
metabolic process that synthesizes smaller molecules into larger units used for building and repairing tissues
Basal metabolic rate (BMR)
the amount of energy required the maintain the body at rest
