Chapter 14 - Flexibility Training Concepts Flashcards
Flexibility
the normal extensibility of soft tissues that allows for full ROM of a joint
Relative flexibility
the process in which the body seeks the path of least resistance during functional movement
Reciprocal inhibition
when an agonist (prime mover) receives a signal to contract, its functional antagonist also receives an inhibitory signal allowing it to lengthen
Altered reciprocal inhibition
occurs when an overactive agonist muscle decreases the neural drive to its functional antagonist
Synergist dominance
the neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when synergists take over function for a week or inhibited agonist
Altered length-tension relationship
when a muscle’s resting length is too short or too long, reducing the amount of force it can produce
Neuromuscular efficiency
the ability of the nervous system to recruit the correct muscles to produce, reduce force, and dynamically stabilize the body’s structure in all three planes of motion
Muscle spindle
sensory receptors sensitive to change in length of the muscle and the rate of that change
Stretch reflex
neurological signal from the muscle spindle that causes a muscle to contract to prevent excessive lengthening
Autogenic inhibition
process by which neural impulses that sense tension are greater than the impulses that cause muscles to contract, providing an inhibitory effect to muscle spindles
Davis’ law
states that soft tissue models along the line of stress
Mechanical effect
having a physical effect
Neurophysiological effect
having an effect on the nervous system
Static stretching
holding the muscle in a stretched position for a prolonged period
Active stretching
a type of stretching that uses agonists and synergists to dynamically move the joint into a range of motion; holding stretched position for 1-2 second & repeating for 5-10 reps
