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Medical terminology > Chapter 6 - Additional Suffixes And Digestive Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - Additional Suffixes And Digestive Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Suffix meaning; -ectasis

A

Dilation (dilatation), widening

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2
Q

Suffix meaning; -ectasia

A

Dilation (dilatation), widening.

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3
Q

Suffix meaning; -emesis

A

Vomiting.

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4
Q

Suffix meaning; -pepsia

A

Digestion.

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5
Q

Suffix meaning; -phagia

A

Eating, swallowing.

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6
Q

Suffix meaning; -plasty

A

Surgical repair

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7
Q

Suffix meaning; -ptysis

A

Spitting.

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8
Q

Suffix meaning; -rrhage

A

Bursting forth of blood

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9
Q

Suffix meaning; -rrhagia

A

Bursting forth of blood

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10
Q

Suffix meaning; -rrhaphy

A

Suture.

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11
Q

Suffix meaning; -rrhea

A

Flow, discharge.

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12
Q

Suffix meaning; -spasm

A

Involuntary contraction of muscles.

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13
Q

Suffix meaning; -stasis

A

Stopping, controlling

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14
Q

Suffix meaning; -stenosis

A

Narrowing, tightening.

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15
Q

Suffix meaning; -tresia

A

Opening.

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16
Q

Combining form meaning; bucco

A

Cheek.

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17
Q

Combining form meaning; cec/o

A

Cecum.

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18
Q

Combining form meaning; celi/o

A

Abdomen.

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19
Q

Combining form meaning; cheil/o

A

Lip.

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20
Q

Combining form meaning; chol/e

A

Gall, bile

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21
Q

Combining form meaning; cholangi/o

A

Bile duct, or vessel.

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22
Q

Combining form meaning; cholecyst/o

A

Gallbladder.

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23
Q

Combining form meaning; choledoch/o

A

Common bile duct.

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24
Q

Combining form meaning; col/o

A

Colon.

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25
Q

Combining form meaning; colon/o

A

Colon.

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26
Q

Combining form meaning; dent/i

A

Tooth.

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27
Q

Combining form meaning; duoden/o

A

Duodenum

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28
Q

Combining form meaning; enter/o

A

Intestine

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29
Q

Combining form meaning; esophag/o?

A

Esophagus.

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30
Q

Combining form meaning; gastr/o

A

Stomach.

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31
Q

Combining form meaning; gingiv/o

A

Gums.

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32
Q

Combining form meaning; gloss/o

A

Tongue.

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33
Q

Combining form meaning; gluc/o

A

Sugar.

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34
Q

Combining form meaning; glyc/o

A

Sugar.

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35
Q

Combining form meaning; hepat/o

A

Liver.

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36
Q

Combining form meaning; herni/o

A

Hernia.

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37
Q

Combining form meaning; ile/o

A

Ileum.

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38
Q

Combining form meaning; jejun/o

A

Jejunum.

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39
Q

Combining form meaning; labi/o

A

Lip.

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40
Q

Combining form meaning; lingu/o

A

Tongue.

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41
Q

Combining form meaning; lip/o

A

Fat.

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42
Q

Combining form meaning; lith/o

A

Stone.

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43
Q

Combining form meaning; odont/o

A

Tooth.

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44
Q

Combining form meaning; or/o

A

Mouth.

45
Q

Combining form meaning; palat/o

A

Palate.

46
Q

Combining form meaning; pancreat/o

A

Pancreas.

47
Q

Combining form meaning; proct/o

A

Rectum and anus.

48
Q

Combining form meaning; pylor/o

A

Pyloric sphincter.

49
Q

Combining form meaning; rect/o

A

Rectum.

50
Q

Combining form meaning; sialaden/o

A

Salivary gland.

51
Q

Combining form meaning; splen/o

A

Spleen.

52
Q

Combining form meaning; steat/o

A

Fat.

53
Q

Combining form meaning; stomat/o

A

Mouth.

54
Q

Suffixes used as separate terms; emesis (emetic)

A

Vomiting.

55
Q

Suffixes used as separate terms; lysis

A

Destruction,

Also breakdown, separation.

56
Q

Suffixes used as separate terms; spasm.

A

Involuntary contraction of muscles.

57
Q

Suffixes used as separate terms; stasis

A

Stopping, controlling.

58
Q

Suffixes used as separate terms; stenosis

A

Narrowing, tightening.

59
Q

What are amylase and lipase tests?

A

Tests for levels of amylase and lipase enzymes in blood.

  • increased levels are associated with pancreatitis
60
Q

What are liver function tests (LFTs)?

A

Tests for presence of enzymes and bilirubin in blood.

61
Q

What is a stool culture?

A

Test for microorganisms present in feces.

62
Q

What is a stool guaiac test (hemoccult)?

A

Test to detect occult (hidden) blood in feces.

63
Q

What is a lower gastrointestinal series? Also known as ________

A

Aka barium enema.

An x-Ray test.

X-ray images of colon and rectum obtained after injection of barium into rectum.

64
Q

What is an upper gastrointestinal series?

A

X-rays images of esophagus, stomach, and small intestine obtained after administering barium by mouth.

65
Q

What is a cholangiography?

A

X-ray examination of biliary system performed after injection of a contrast into bile ducts.

66
Q

What is a contrast medium?

A

Substance x-rays can not penetrate.

To visualize a specific area.

67
Q

What is computed tomography (CT)?

A

A series of x-ray images are taken in multiple views (especially cross section).

-uses circular array of x-ray beams to produce cross sectional based on tissue density. Highlights did in blood flow between normal and diseased tissues.

68
Q

What is abdominal ultrasonography?

A

Sound waves beamed into the abdomen produce an image of abdominal viscera.

  • especially useful to examine fluid filled structure ie) gallbladder
69
Q

What is endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)?

A

Use of endoscope combined w/ ultrasound to examine organs of GI tract.

  • endoscope inserted through mouth/rectum , ultrasound images are obtained.
  • used to assess esophageal, pancreatic, and rectal cancer.
70
Q

What is magnetic resonance imagining (MRI)?

A

Magnetic waves produce images of organs and tissues in all three planes of the body.

  • does not use x-rays. Detects subtle differences in tissue composition, water content, and blood vessel density.

Can show sites of trauma, infection, or cancer.

71
Q

What is HIDA?

A

Nuclear medicine test.

Radioactive imaging procedure that tracks production and flow of bile from liver + gallbladder to intestine.

72
Q

What is gastric bypass? Aka ______

A

Bariatric surgery.

Reducing size of stomach and diverting food to jejunum (gastrojejunostomy).

Bar/o = weight
iatr/o = treatment
73
Q

What is gastrointestinal endoscopy?

A

Visual examination of GI tract using endoscope.

-fibre optic tube through mouth or anus to view parts of GI tract.

Ie) colonoscopy

74
Q

What is a laparoscopy?

A

Visual (endoscopic) examination of abdomen with a laparoscope inserted through small incisions in abdomen.

75
Q

What is a liver biopsy?

A

Removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination.

  • helps diagnose: cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, tumours of liver
76
Q

What is nasogastric intubation?

A

Insertion of tube through nose into stomach.

  • physicians use NG tube to remove fluid postoperatively and to obtain gastric or intestinal contents for analysis.
77
Q

What is paracentesis? Aka ____

A

Abdominocentesis.

Surgical puncture to remove fluid from abdomen.

  • necessary to drain fluid (accumulated in ascites)
78
Q

Abbreviation meanings; AFP

A

Alpha-fetoprotein

  • tumour marker for liver cancer
79
Q

Abbreviation meanings; alk phos

A

Alkaline phosphatase.

80
Q

Abbreviation meanings; ALT, AST

A

alanine transaminase,
aspartate transaminase

  • enzymes measured to evaluate liver function in blood
81
Q

Abbreviation meanings; BE

A

barium enema

82
Q

Abbreviation meanings; BM

A

bowel movement

83
Q

Abbreviation meanings; BRBPR

A

bright red blood per rectum

Hematochezia

84
Q

Abbreviation meanings; CD

A

celiac disease.

85
Q

Abbreviation meanings; CT

A

Computed tomography.

86
Q

Abbreviation meanings; EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

87
Q

Abbreviation meanings; ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.

88
Q

Abbreviation meanings; EUS

A

Endoscopic ultrasonography.

89
Q

Abbreviation meanings; FOBT

A

Fecal occult blood test.

90
Q

Abbreviation meanings; G-tube

A

Gastrostomy tube - feeding tube

91
Q

Abbreviation meanings; GB

A

Gallbladder

92
Q

Abbreviation meanings; GERD

A

Gastroesophageal reflux disease.

93
Q

Abbreviation meanings; GI

A

Gastrointestinal.

94
Q

Abbreviation meanings; HBV

A

Hepatitis B virus.

95
Q

Abbreviation meanings; IBD

A

Inflammatory bowel disease.

96
Q

Abbreviation meanings; J-tube

A

Jejunostomy tube - feeding tube

97
Q

Abbreviation meanings; LAC

A

Laparoscopic-assisted colectomy.

98
Q

Abbreviation meanings; LFT

A

Liver function test

Ie) alk phos, bilirubin, AST, ALT

99
Q

Abbreviation meanings; MRI

A

Magnetic resonance imaging.

100
Q

Abbreviation meanings; NASH

A

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (fatty liver)

101
Q

Abbreviation meanings; NG tube

A

Nasogastric tube.

102
Q

Abbreviation meanings; NPO

A

Nothing by mouth.

103
Q

Abbreviation meanings; PEG tube

A

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube - feeding tube.

104
Q

Abbreviation meanings; PEJ tube

A

Percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube - feeding tube

105
Q

Abbreviation meanings; PTHC

A

Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

106
Q

Abbreviation meanings; PUD

A

Peptic ulcer disease

107
Q

Abbreviation meanings; TPN

A

Total parenteral nutrition

108
Q

Abbreviation meanings; T-tube

A

Special tube (shaped like T) placed in bile duct for drainage into a small pouch (bile bag) outside of body.

Medical terminology (15 decks)

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