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Medical terminology > Basic Word Structure > Flashcards

Basic Word Structure Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

ROOT

A

foundation of term

Ie.) electr/o/cardi/o/gram

Electro an Cardi are the roots

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2
Q

SUFFIX

A

Word ending.

Ie) oma (tumour or mass)

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3
Q

PREFIX

A

Word Beginning.

Ie) Hypo/gastr/ic

Hypo is the prefix (below)

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4
Q

COMBINING VOWEL

A

Links root to suffix, or root to another root.

Usually o.

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5
Q

COMBINING FORM

A

Combination of root and combining vowel.

Ie) gastro, cardio.

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6
Q

Suffix meaning: -oma

A

Tumour or mass.

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7
Q

Suffix meaning: -itis

A

Inflammation.

Ie) dermatitis

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8
Q

Suffix meaning: -logy

A

Made of the root log (study) and y (process or condition)

The process of study.

Ie) cardiology

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9
Q

Suffix meaning: -opsy

A

Process of viewing.

Ie) biopsy - process of viewing living tissue

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10
Q

Suffix meaning: -ic

A

Pertaining to.

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11
Q

Suffix meaning: al

A

Pertaining to.

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12
Q

Suffix meaning: scopy

A

Complex suffix. Root of scop, meaning visual examination, and suffix y meaning process.

Visual examination.

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13
Q

Suffix meaning: gram

A

Record.

Ie) electrocardiogram

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14
Q

Suffix meaning: cyte

A

Cell.

Ie) erythr/o/cyte - red blood cell

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15
Q

Suffix meaning: ectomy

A

Excision or removal. (Resection)

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16
Q

Suffix meaning: tomy

A

Complex suffix.

Root: tom (meaning to cut)
Suffix: y (process of)

Process of cutting, incision.

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17
Q

Suffix meaning: globin

A

Protein.

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18
Q

Suffix meaning: emia

A

Blood condition.

Ie) hyperglycemia

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19
Q

Suffix meaning: genic

A

Pertaining to producing, produced by, or produced in.

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20
Q

Suffix meaning: ist

A

One who specializes in a field.

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21
Q

Suffix meaning: scope

A

An instrument for visual examination.

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22
Q

Suffix meaning: osis

A

Condition, usually abnormal.

Ie) psychosis

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23
Q

Suffix meaning: ac

A

Pertaining to.

Ie) cardiac

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24
Q

Suffix meaning: algia

A

Pain.

Arthralgia: joint pain

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25
Q

Suffix meaning: ion

A

Process.

Ie) Excision: process of cutting out

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26
Q

Suffix meaning: ical

A

Pertaining to.

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27
Q

Suffix meaning: pathy

A

Disease condition.

Ie) enteropathy: a condition of the intestines (usually small)

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28
Q

Suffix meaning: ia

A

Process or condition.

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29
Q

Suffix meaning: ism

A

Condition.

Ie) hyperthyroidism. (Condition of high thyroid hormone)

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30
Q

Prefix meaning: a-, an-

A

No, not, without.

Ie) anemia - “without blood” bc they look so pale.

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31
Q

Prefix meaning: aut-, auto-

A

Self, own.

Ie) autopsy - examining dead with your own eyes to determine cause of death

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32
Q

Prefix meaning: dia-

A

Complete, through.

Ie) diagnosis - state of complete knowledge

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33
Q

Prefix meaning: endo-

A

Within.

Ie) endocrine glands

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34
Q

Prefix meaning: epi-

A

Above, upon.

Ie) epigastric - pertaining to above the stomach

35
Q

Prefix meaning: ex-, exo-

A

Out, outside of, outward.

Ie) excision: process of cutting out

36
Q

Prefix meaning: hyper-

A

Excessive, above, more than normal.

Ie) hyperthyroidism

37
Q

Prefix meaning: hypo-

A

Deficient, below, under, less than normal.

Ie) hypogastric - pertaining to below the stomach

hypoglycemia - in which hypo means deficient

38
Q

Prefix meaning: in-

A

Into, in.

Ie) incision - process of cutting into

39
Q

Prefix meaning: peri-

A

Surrounding, around.

Ie) pericardium - a structure surrounding the heart

40
Q

Suffix meaning: -um

A

A structure.

41
Q

Prefix meaning: pro-

A

Before, forward.

Ie) prostate gland - exocrine gland that stands (-state) before or in front of male urinary bladder.

42
Q

Prefix meaning: re-

A

Back, backward, again.

Ie) resection - an operation in which tissue is “cut back” or removed.

43
Q

Prefix meaning: retro-

A

Behind.

Ie) retrocardiac - pertaining to behind the heart

44
Q

Prefix meaning: sub-

A

Below, under.

Ie) subhepatic - below the liver

45
Q

Prefix meaning: trans-

A

Across, through.

Ie) transhepatic - pertaining to across/ or through the lived

46
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form aden/o?

A

Gland.

47
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form arthr/o?

A

Joint.

48
Q

What is the meaning of bi/o?

A

Life.

49
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form carcin/o?

A

Cancer, cancerous.

50
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cardi/o?

A

Heart.

51
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cephal/o?

A

Head.

52
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cerebral/o?

A

Cerebrum (largest part of the brain).

53
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cis/o?

A

To cut.

Ie) incision.

54
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form crin/o?

A

To secrete (to form and give off).

55
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cyst/o?

A

Urinary bladder; a sad or cyst (sac containing fluid).

56
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form cyt/o?

A

Cell.

57
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form derm/o, or dermat/o?

A

Skin.

58
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form electr/o?

A

Electricity.

59
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form encephal/o?

A

Brain.

60
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form enter/o?

A

Intestines (usually small intestine).

61
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form erythr/o?

A

Red.

62
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form gastr/o?

A

Stomach.

63
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form glyc/o?

A

Sugar.

64
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form gnos/o?

A

Knowledge.

Ie) diaGNOSis

65
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form gynec/o?

A

Woman, female.

66
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form hemat/o and hem/o?

A

Blood.

67
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form hepat/o?

A

Liver.

68
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form iatr/o?

A

Treatment; physician.

69
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form leuk/o?

A

White.

70
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form log/o?

A

Study of.

71
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form nephr/o?

A

Kidney.

72
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form neur/o?

A

Nerve.

73
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form onc/o?

A

Tumour (cancerous).

74
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form ophthalm/o?

A

Eye.

75
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form oste/o?

A

Bone.

76
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form path/o?

A

Disease.

77
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form ped/o?

A

Child.

78
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form psych/o?

A

Mind.

79
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form radi/o?

A

x-rays.

80
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form rhin/o?

A

Nose.

81
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form sarc/o?

A

Flesh.

82
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form sect/o?

A

To cut.

83
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form thromb/o?

A

Clot; clotting.

84
Q

What is the meaning of the combining form ur/o?

A

Urinary tract, urine.

Medical terminology (15 decks)

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