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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6: Additional Digestive Info. > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Additional Digestive Info. Flashcards

1
Q

Define cholangiectasis

A

dilation of the bile duct

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2
Q

Define hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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3
Q

Define hemolysis

A

breaking down the blood

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4
Q

Define dyspepsia

A

painful digestion

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5
Q

Define polyphagia

A

excessive eating

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6
Q

Define dysphagia

A

difficulty with swallowing

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7
Q

Define hemoptysis

A

spitting up blood

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8
Q

Define hemorrhage

A

loss of large amounts of blood in a short period of time

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9
Q

Define menorrhagia

A

excessive bleeding during menses

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10
Q

Define herniorrhaphy

A

suture of the hernia

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11
Q

Define diarrhea

A

to flow through

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12
Q

Define pylorospasm

A

sudden involuntary contraction of muscles at the distal region of stomach

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13
Q

Define pyloric stenosis

A

narrowing of the pyloric sphincter

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14
Q

Define atresia

A

no opening

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15
Q

Define anastomosis

A

a surgical/natural communication between two hollow vessels

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16
Q

What are some types of laboratory tests for the digestive system?

A
  • liver function test (LFTs)
  • stool culture
  • stool guaiac test/hemoccuit test
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17
Q

Define liver function test (LFTs)

A

test for enzymes and bilirubin in blood

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18
Q

Define stool guaiac test for hemoccuit test

A

test that detects hidden blood in feces

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19
Q

Define bilirubin

A
  • yellow-orange pigment
  • produced in liver when RBCs break down
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20
Q

Define sercum bilirubin

A

bilirubin levels elevated with liver disease and jaundice

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21
Q

Define stool culture

A

test for microorganisms in stool

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23
Q

What are three types of clinical procedures (x-ray) for the digestive system?

A
  • lower gastrointestional series (barium enema)
  • upper gastrointestinal series
  • cholangiography
24
Q

Define lower gastrointestinal series (barium enema)

A
  • x-ray image of the colon and rectum
    injection of barium into colon
25
Q

Define upper gastrointestinal series

A
  • x-ray image of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestines
  • administer barium orally
26
Q

Define cholangiography

A
  • x-ray examination of the biliary system
    • injection of contrast into bile duct
27
Q

Define endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)

A
  • contrast medium administered through oral catheter tube
    • pass through esophagus, stomach, duodenum, bile duct
28
Q

Define abdominal ultrasonography

A

sound wave beamed into abdomen
- image of abdominal viscera

29
Q

Define viscera

A

internal organs

30
Q

Define gastric bypass

A

reduce size of stomach and divert food to jejunum

31
Q

Define gastrointestinal endoscopy

A

visual examination of the gastrointestinal tract
- use endoscope

32
Q

Define laparoscopy

A

visual examination of the abdomen
- use laparoscope inserted through incision in abdomen

33
Q

Define liver biopsy

A

removal of liver tissue for microscopic examination

34
Q

Define nasogastric intubation

A

insertion of a tube through the nose into the stomach

35
Q

Define paracentesis (abdominocentesis)

A

puncture to remove fluid from abdomen

36
Q

Define murphy’s sign

A
  • positive response to pain indicated cholecystitis
    • take deep breaths while palpating the RUQ under the rib
37
Q

Define rebound tenderness

A
  • deep palpation of the abdomen with sudden release
    • increase of pain denotes peritoneal inflammation
38
Q

Define mcburney’s sign or point

A

between umbilicus and right iliac spine
- pressure causes pain: appendicitis

39
Q

Define ausculation

A

listen with a stethoscope
- hear bowel sounds for abnormalties

40
Q

Unabbreviate BE

A

barium enema

41
Q

Unabbreviate BM

A

bowel movement

42
Q

Unabbreviate CT

A

computed tomography

43
Q

Unabbreviate EGD

A

esophagogastroduodenoscopy

44
Q

Unabbreviate ERCP

A

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

45
Q

Unabbreviate G-tube

A

gastrostomy tube (feeding tube)

46
Q

Unabbreviate GB

A

gallbladder

47
Q

Unabbreviate GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

48
Q

Unabbreviate IBD

A

inflammatory bowel disease

49
Q

Unabbreviate IBS

A

irritable bowel syndrome

50
Q

Unabbreviate MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

51
Q

Unabbreviate NG tube

A

nasogastric tube

52
Q

Unabbreviate PEG tube

A

percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy

53
Q

Unabbreviate NPO

A

nothing by mouth

54
Q

Unabbreviate PEJ tube

A

percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy tube

Medical Terminology (21 decks)

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