Ch. 12: Respiratory System Flashcards
Define adenoidectomy
removal of the adenoids
Define alveolar
pertaining to the alveolus or the air sacs
Define Bronchospasm
contricted uncontrolled movement of the bronchus
Define bronchiectasis
permanent stretching of the bronchus
Define bronchitis
inflammation of the bronchus
Define bronchodialator
drug that causes enlargement or opening of the bronchus
(inhaler)
Define bronchial
pertaining to the bronchiole
Define bronchiolitis
inflammation of the bronchiole
Define hypercapnia
excessive carbon dioxide
Define Pneumoconiosis
condition of dust in the lungs
Define cyanosis
condition of blue
Define epiglottitis
inflammation of epiglottis
Define laryngeal
pertaining to the larynx
Define laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
Define laryngitis
inflammation of the larynx
Define laryngeospasm
spasm of the laryngeal that closes the larynx
Define lobectomy
removal of the lung
Define mediastinoscopy
visual exam of the mediastinum
Define paranasal
near the nose
Define orthopnea
What is the major cause?
abnormal condition
- breathing in an upright position
- congestive heart failure (CHF)
Define expectoration
spitting sputum
Define pharyngeal
pertaining to the pharynx
Define nasopharyngitis
inflammation of the nose and throat
Define dysphonia
difficulty speaking
Define phrenic
pertaining to the diaphragm
Define pleuritic
pertaining to the pleura
Define pleurodynia
pain in the pleura
Define pleural effusion
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space
Define pneumothorax
air in the chest
Define hemothorax
blood in the chest
Define pyothorax
collection of pus in the chest
Define pneumonitis
inflammation of the lung
Define pneumonectomy
removal of the lung
Define pulmonary
pertaining to the lung
Define pulmonologist
a physician who specializes in treating lung conditions
Define rhinorrhea
runny nose
Define rhinoplasty
surgical repair of the nose
Define sinusitis
inflammation of the nose
Define inspiration
breathing in
Define respiration
the process of moving air into and out of the lung
Define spirometer
to measure breathing
Define atelectasis
What is it also known as?
incomplete expansion of a lung
- accumulation of fluid in the lung
collapsed lung
Define thoracotomy
pertaining to the chest
Define tonsillectomy
removal of the tonsils
Define tracheotomy
incision into the trachea
Define tracheal
pertaining to the trachea
Define empyema
collection of pus in the chest
Define anosmia
no smell
Define apnea
not breathing
Define dyspnea
difficulty breathing
Define hyperpnea
deep breathing
Define tachypnea
rapid breathing
Define hemoptysis
spitting up blood
Define asphyxia
no pulse
Define ausculation
listening to sounds with the body
- with a stethoscope
Define percussion
tapping on a surface
- determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure
Define A&P
auscultation and percussion
Define pleura rub
scratchy sound
- plural surfaces rubbing against each other
Define rales
fine crackling sounds heard on ausculation
- fluid in the alveoli
Define rhonchi
loud rumbling sounds heard on ausculation of bronchi obstructed by sputum
Define stridor
strained high-pitched sound heard on inspiration
- obstruction in the pharynx/larynx
Define wheeze
continuous high-pitched whistling sounds during breathing
Define croup
acute viral infection of infants and children with obstruction of the larynx
- with barking cough and stridor
Define diphtheria
acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract
- diphtheria bacterium
Define epistaxis
nosebleed
Define pertussis
whooping cough
- highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea
- bordetella pertussis
Unabbreviate COPD
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
What are the chronic conditions that pertain to COPD?
C-chronic
B-bronchiectasis
A-asthma
B-bronchitis
E-emphysema
Define asthma
chronic bronchial inflammatory disorder
- airway obstruction due to bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production
Define bronchiectasis
chronic dilation of bronchus
- secondary to infection
Define chronic bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi
- long period of time
Define cystic fibrosis
inherited disorder of exocrine glands
- cause thick mucinous secretion in the respiratory tract
- doesn’t drain normally
Define lung cancer
malignant tumor
- lungs and bronchi
Define pulmonary abscess
large collection of pus in the lungs
Define pulmonary edema
fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles
Define emphysema
hyper inflation of sir sacs
- destruction of the aveoli walls
Define pneumonia
acute inflammation and infection or alveoli
Define community acquired pneumonia
contagious respiratory infection
- from viruses and bacteria
Define hospital acquired pneumonia
acquired during hospitalization
Define aspiration pneumonia
lodging in the bronchi/lungs with material
- food/vomitus
Define pulmonary embolism
clot/other material lodged in vessels of the lung
Unabbreviate and define TB
turberculosis
- infectious disease
- from mycobacterium tuberculosis
Define mesothelioma
rare malignant tumor in the pleura
Define pleurisy (pleuritis)
inflammation of the pleura
Define unabbreviate and define CXR
chest x-ray
- radiographic image of the thoracic cavity
Define MRI of the chest
magnetic waves create detailed images of the chest
- frontal, lateral, and cross-sectional planes
Define bronchoscopy
fiberoptic endoscope examination of the bronchial tubes
Define endotracheal intubation
placement of a tube through the mouth into the pharynx, larynx, and trachea
- establish an airway
Define laryngoscopy
visual examination of the vioce box
Define lung biopsy
removal of the lung tissue
- with microscopic examination
Unabbreviate and define PFT
pulmonary function test
- test that measures the ventilation mechanics of the lungs
Define thoracentesis
surgical puncture to remove fluid from the pleural space
Define tracheostomy
form a new opening into the trachea through the neck
Unabbreviate LLL
left lower lobe
Unabbreviate LUL
left upper lobe
Unabbreviate MDI
metered-dose inhaler
Unabbreviate SOB
shortness of breath
Unabbreviate URI
upper respiratory infection
