Chapter 6 Flashcards
Emotion
What is emotion
A brief, specific response, both psychological and physiological but help people meet goals including social goals
How do we distinguish emotions
Through the five components of emotion
What are the five components of emotion
The appraisal process Physiological response Expressive behavior Subjective feelings Action tendencies
what is The appraisal process
A component of emotion; patterns of construal for evaluating events and objects in the environment based on their relation to current gols
Fast and automatic appraisals whether an event is consistent or inconsistent with our goals lead to Pleasance or unpleasant feelings
What is the physiological responses
Such as blushing embarrassment
What is the expressive behavior
how we express emotion; can be both universal and subject to striking cultural differences
What is subjective feelings
The qualities that define what the experience of a particular emotion is like
What is action tendencies
Emotions move us toward specific actions and behaviors
What are Darwins three hypotheses about emotional expression
Is that it posits universalit that’s because all humans use the same facial muscles to communicate people in all cultures should communicate and percieve emotion in a similar fashion
2; darling reason because humans share an evolutionary history with other mammals expressive behaviors should resembled those of other species
3; he argued that blind individuals Will still show expressions similar to those exciting people because the tendency to express emotions in specific ways has been encoded by evolutionary processes
Define the word emotion accent
Specific way people from different cultures expressed a particular emotion
Define the word focal emotion
An emotion that is especially common within a particular culture
What is affect valuation theory
Emotions that promote important cultural ideals are valued and will tend to play a more prominent role in the social lives of individuals
Define the term display rule
A culturally specific rules that governs how, when and to whom people express emotion
What are the types of display rules
People can de-intensify their emotional expression for example suppressing the urge to laugh at a friends fumbling on a romantic quest
People can intensify their expression by smiling widely when taking the first bite of yet another culinary disaster concocted by a roommate
They can mask their negative emotions with the polite smile
They can neutralize their expression with the poker face
What is the emotional intelligence (EQ)
The ability to express, recognize and use emotions well within social interactions
Emotional intelligence is defined by four skills what are they
The ability to accurately perceive others emotions
ability to understand one’s own emotions
The ability to use current feelings to aid in making good decisions
The ability to manage one’s emotions in ways that fit the current situation
are positive emotions sources of simplistic or lazy thinking
no
Happiness promotes people to reason in ways that are flexible and creative
Positive moods allow opponents to think flexibly about the positions and the interests of other side
Define the idea of broaden and and build hypothesis
The idea that positive emotions broaden thoughts and actions, helping people build social resources
What is social intuitionist model of moral judgment
The idea that people first have fast, emotional reactions two more highly relevant events, and then rely on the reason to arrive at a judgment of right or wrong
For example when people say I can’t explain why that I just know that this is wrong
basically we cannot provide a reason
What is the moral foundations theory
A theory proposing that there are five evolved, universal moral domains in which specific emotions guide moral judgments
What are the five domains of the moral foundations theory
Care/harm Fairness/cheating Loyalty/betrayal Authority/subversion Purity/ degradation
what is Care/harm
Centers on the suffering of others especially vulnerable individuals
what is Fairness/cheating
Focuses on concerns that I others act in a just fashion and is triggered by unfair acts
what is Loyalty/betrayal
Pertains to the commitments we make to groups
what is Authority/subversion
Is about finding one’s place in social hierarchies
what is Purity/ degradation
Centers on avoiding dangerous diseases and contaminants and more metaphorically socially and pure ideas or actions
What theory helps us to understand the so-called culture wars between political liberals and conservatives over issues such as abortion and gun-control
Moral foundations theory
Psychologists now believe happiness has two measurable components what are they
Life satisfaction or how well you think your life is going in general
Emotional well-being which are first to the tendency to experience more positive emotion at any moment in time for over a given length of time
What is affective forcasting
Predicting future emotions, Such as whether an event will result in happiness or anger or sadness and for how long
What is immune neglect
The tendency for people to under estimate their capacity to be resilient in responding to difficult life events which leads them to overestimate makes sense to which life’s problems will reduce their personal wellbeing
define focalism
A tendency to focus too much on cultural aspect over the event while neglecting the possible impact of associates factors or other events
Basically we focus too much on the most immediate and searing elements of significant events a romantic partner is leaving us and we neglect to consider how are other aspects of our lives also shape our satisfaction. We tend to assume that once a particular event happens such as landing a dream job we will be truly and and during we happy but we forget that health problems or conflicts with our spouse etc. Will also influence our happiness
Is it true that money doesn’t buy happiness
Having very little money is on ambiguous the associated with greater unhappiness. For example people living in poor countries are not as happy as those living in wealthier countries because they likely suffer from unemployment or disease etc
The impact of money on happiness is quite different for those who are better off financially
What is duration neglect
Giving relative unimportance to the length of Emotional experience whether pleasurable or unpleasant in judging and remembering the overall experience
What are the three factors that determine recollections of pleasure
The peak moments of pleasure at the start of event predicts how much pleasure you will remember later
How you feel at the end of an event also strongy predicts your overall experience of pleasure
The length of the pleasurable experience minimally related to the overall recollection aka bias is called the duration neglect
