Chapter 6 Flashcards
memory
ability to recall things we have experienced, imagined, and learned
icon
what is remembered of sight
echo
what is remembered of hearing
sensory register
entry points for sensory info
stages of memory
encoding, storage, retrieval
encoding
info is converted for storage
storage
info is retained in memory
retrieval
info retrieved from memory - recall
stm
briefly store and processes selected information from sensory registers
how much can stm remember at once
5-9
chunking
breaking up info for easier handling by stm
recognition
ability to remember something with assistence
recall
ability to remember something without help
serial position effect
tendency to remember items at beginning and end of lists
tip of the tongue
knowing but not recalling
schemas
set of beliefs or expectations based on past experience
rote rehersal
retaining info by repeating it until memorized
ltm
ability to store info over a longer period of time
types of ltm
episodic, semantic, procedural, emotional
episodic memory
personal memories
semantic memory
facts
procedural memory
skills and habits
emotional memory
responses to stimuli (likes and dislikes, etc.)
superior autobiographical memory/hyporthymesia
remember everything from 11-14 on
childhood amnesia
inability to recall information from before 2 years old
eidetic imagery
can remember event in very vivid detail; more common in children
mnemonic
technique that makes material easier to remember
flashbulb memory
occurs as result of highly significant event, and the event is printed on the brain like a photograph, usually emotionally connected
decay theory
passage of time causes forgetting
interference
info from one source causes us to forget info from another source
retroactive interference
process where new information interferes with info already in memory
proactive interference
info already in memory interferes with new info
amnesia
memory loss due to physical or psychological trauma
retrograde amnesia
forgetting events directly before an accident
anterograde amnesia
inability to recall events immediately after and accident
global amnesia
forgetting skills/abilities
dissociative fugue
type of amnesia where you just forget who you are
hippocampus
transfer memories from short to long term memory
consolidation
how hippocampus transfers memories, during sleep
amygdala
in charge of strong emotion
temporal lobes
store long term episodic and semantic memories
information processing model
how we encode, store, and retrieve information
elaborate rehersal
linking new STM to familiar things in the LTM
explicit memory
episodic and semantic. aware of memories and can describe
implicit memory
procedural and emotional. know but can’t describe
LTP
long term potentiation. change in synapse function to increase neural efficiency; how info is stored
