Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psyc > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What is consciousness?

A

Consciousness is the awareness of one’s surroundings, thoughts, and self.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Name two components of conscious awareness.

A

States of consciousness and contents of consciousness.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is inattentional blindness?

A

Failure to notice things around us when we are not paying attention to them.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What brain area is involved in attention and conscious awareness?

A

The thalamus, specifically the intralaminar and midline nuclei.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is preconsciousness?

A

A level of awareness where information can become readily available to consciousness if necessary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the adaptive theory of sleep?

A

The theory that organisms sleep for self-preservation, keeping away from predators.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What controls our sleep/wake cycle?

A

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long is a typical sleep cycle?

A

Each cycle lasts 90-100 minutes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which stage of sleep is associated with dreaming?

A

REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the activation-synthesis model of dreaming?

A

The theory that dreams result from the brain trying to make sense of random neural activity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define insomnia.

A

Difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is narcolepsy?

A

A disorder causing excessive daytime sleepiness, often resulting in sudden REM sleep episodes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How does hypnosis affect consciousness?

A

It induces an altered state with heightened suggestibility, deep relaxation, and intense focus.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name a brain region associated with pain reduction during hypnosis.

A

The anterior cingulate cortex.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is mindfulness meditation?

A

A form of meditation focusing on staying in the present moment without judgment.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define psychoactive drugs.

A

Substances that alter mood, perception, awareness, or thought.

17
Q

What are depressants, and give an example.

A

Drugs that suppress bodily processes; example: alcohol.

18
Q

How do stimulants affect the CNS?

A

They increase bodily processes and energy levels.

19
Q

What effect does LSD have on the brain?

A

It stimulates dopamine and serotonin receptors, leading to hallucinations.

20
Q

What is reward-deficiency syndrome?

A

A theory suggesting some people may abuse drugs because their reward centers aren’t easily activated by life events.

21
Q

What are the stages of sleep?

A

Stage 1: Light sleep; Stage 2: Sleep spindles; Stage 3 and 4: Deep sleep; REM: Dreaming.

22
Q

What is implicit memory?

A

Memory for skills and tasks we perform automatically, without conscious awareness.

23
Q

What is the circadian rhythm?

A

The biological clock, a 24-hour cycle of sleep and wakefulness.

24
Q

What is sleep apnea?

A

A disorder where breathing stops repeatedly during sleep.

25
Q

What is the Rouge Test?

A

A test for self-awareness where children recognize themselves in a mirror.

26
Q

What is hypnosis used for?

A

It can be used for pain relief, stress reduction, and treatment of certain behaviors.

27
Q

What is the function of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN)?

A

It regulates the sleep-wake cycle by responding to light signals.

28
Q

What are sleep spindles?

A

Burst of rapid brain waves seen in Stage 2 sleep.

29
Q

What is the difference between explicit and implicit memory?

A

Explicit memory is consciously recalled, while implicit memory involves unconscious recall.

30
Q

What are night terrors?

A

Episodes of screaming and panic during Stage 3 or 4 sleep, often without memory of it.

31
Q

What is the role of the anterior cingulate cortex in meditation?

A

It is involved in focus and pain reduction during deep meditation.

32
Q

What are opioids?

A

Drugs that relieve pain by activating opioid receptors, e.g., morphine, heroin.

33
Q

What is REM sleep characterized by?

A

Rapid eye movements, vivid dreams, and increased brain activity.

Psyc (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions