Chapter 13

Question 1

👥 What is social psychology?

Answer 1

The study of how individuals are affected by others.

Question 2

🧠 What is mimicry?

Answer 2

Unconscious copying of others’ behaviors, facial expressions, etc. (chameleon effect).

Question 3

📏 What are social norms?

Answer 3

Unwritten rules for how to behave in social settings.

Question 4

🔥 What is social facilitation?

Answer 4

Better performance when others are watching.

Question 5

😴 What is social loafing?

Answer 5

People put in less effort in a group than alone.

Question 6

📢 What is group polarization?

Answer 6

Group discussions make opinions more extreme.

Question 7

🧠 What is groupthink?

Answer 7

Desire for harmony overrides realistic decisions.

Question 8

🧍 What is conformity?

Answer 8

Changing behavior to match group norms (Asch’s study).

Question 9

🚨 What is obedience?

Answer 9

Following orders from authority (Milgram’s shock study).

Question 10

💥 What affects obedience?

Answer 10

Authority closeness, victim distance, conformity of others.

Question 11

🚶 What is the bystander effect?

Answer 11

Less likely to help in a group than when alone.

Question 12

❌ What causes the bystander effect?

Answer 12

Diffusion of responsibility and pluralistic ignorance.

Question 13

🤝 When are people more likely to help?

Answer 13

If in a good mood, not rushed, or see others helping.

Question 14

🎭 What are social roles?

Answer 14

Expectations for behavior based on position (e.g., Zimbardo’s prison study).

Question 15

🔍 What are attributions?

Answer 15

Judgments about causes of behavior.

Question 16

🧍 What is a dispositional attribution?

Answer 16

Behavior caused by personality.

Question 17

🌍 What is a situational attribution?

Answer 17

Behavior caused by environment.

Question 18

⚖️ What is the fundamental attribution error?

Answer 18

Overestimating personality and underestimating situation for others.

Question 19

🎭 What is the actor-observer effect?

Answer 19

We explain our behavior with situations, others’ with traits.

Question 20

🏆 What is the self-serving bias?

Answer 20

Blame success on yourself, failure on situation.

Question 21

📦 What are stereotypes?

Answer 21

Generalized beliefs about a group (can be positive or negative).

Question 22

🚫 What is prejudice?

Answer 22

Negative attitudes toward a group (e.g., racism, sexism).

Question 23

👀 What is an implicit attitude?

Answer 23

An attitude you’re unaware of having.

Question 24

🧠 What is the just-world fallacy?

Answer 24

Belief that people get what they deserve.

Question 25

😤 What is scapegoat theory?

Answer 25

Blaming others when things go wrong.

Question 26

📸 What are vivid cases?

Answer 26

Memorable examples that influence our judgment.

Question 27

💓 What affects attraction?

Answer 27

Proximity, similarity, reciprocity, and physical attractiveness.

Question 28

💑 What is Sternberg’s love theory?

Answer 28

Love has passion, intimacy, and commitment.

Question 29

❤️ What’s the difference between passionate and compassionate love?

Answer 29

Passionate = excitement; Compassionate = deep affection.

Question 30

👶 What is secure attachment in adults?

Answer 30

Comfortable with closeness and trust.

Question 31

🗣️ What is an attitude?

Answer 31

Positive or negative feelings toward something.

Question 32

🧠 What influences attitude strength?

Answer 32

Weak situations, specific attitudes, stable and accessible.

Question 33

🛣️ What are the two persuasion routes?

Answer 33

Central (logic) and Peripheral (emotion).

Question 34

👟 What is the foot-in-the-door technique?

Answer 34

Start small to get agreement to a bigger request.

Question 35

🚪 What is the door-in-the-face technique?

Answer 35

Ask big first, then small to get a yes.

Question 36

🤔 What is self-perception theory?

Answer 36

We infer attitudes from observing our own behavior.

Question 37

😬 What is dissonance theory?

Answer 37

We change attitudes to match our behavior (Festinger study).