Chapter 10 Flashcards
t🧠 What is intelligence?
The ability to learn and meet the demands of the environment.
🔍 What is metacognition?
Understanding and controlling your own thinking.
📏 What does it mean for a test to be standardized?
Your score is compared to others who took the test under similar conditions.
📐 What are the two parts of standardization?
Environment control and score norms.
🧬 What did Galton believe about intelligence?
It’s inherited and linked to sensory/motor skills.
📘 Who created the first standardized IQ test?
Alfred Binet.
📊 What is Mental Age (MA)?
The age at which someone is performing intellectually.
📈 Who created the IQ formula?
Lewis Terman. IQ = (MA/CA) x 100.
🧮 What did Spearman propose?
g-factor (general intelligence) + s-factors (specific skills).
📚 What did Wechsler develop?
WAIS, WISC, WPPSI tests with verbal and performance subtests.
🧠 What are Cattell & Horn’s intelligence types?
Crystalized (learned) and fluid (problem-solving).
🌍 What is Gardner’s theory?
Multiple intelligences (e.g., musical, visual, bodily, etc.).
🔺 What is Sternberg’s triarchic theory?
3 parts: analytical, creative, and practical intelligence.
🌱 What is Ceci’s bioecological model?
Intelligence = genes + environment + motivation.
🎯 How reliable are IQ tests?
Very reliable (correlations in the .90s).
✅ Are IQ tests valid?
Yes for school/academic prediction, not general intelligence.
📉 What is intellectual disability?
IQ 2+ SD below mean + adaptive skill issues before age 18.
⚠️ What are the 4 levels of disability?
Mild, moderate, severe, and profound.
🏅 What is giftedness?
IQ 2+ SD above mean; may include creativity or talent.
🧪 What did Terman find about gifted people?
They weren’t weak or troubled—many were successful.
🧬 How does heredity affect intelligence?
Seen in family and twin studies.
🏡 How does environment affect intelligence?
Adoption studies, deprivation, and Flynn effect show impact.
⚡ What’s the neural efficiency theory?
Smart brains process info faster and use less energy.
🧠 What is emotional intelligence?
Reading emotions, self-control, motivation, and empathy.
