Chapter 14 Flashcards
🧠 What is health psychology?
It studies how biological, psychological, and social factors affect health and illness.
⚖️ What is the biopsychosocial model?
Illness is caused by a mix of biological, psychological, and social factors.
😰 What is stress?
Anything that threatens your well-being and taxes your coping abilities.
🌪️ What are microstressors?
Small daily hassles that still affect health.
🌋 What are catastrophic events?
Major negative events like natural disasters.
🧠 What is primary appraisal?
Judging the demands of a situation.
🛠️ What is secondary appraisal?
Judging your ability/resources to cope with the situation.
⏱️ What are acute stressors?
Short-term stress with a clear end (e.g. exam).
📆 What are chronic stressors?
Long-term stress with no clear end (e.g. financial problems).
🚧 What is frustration?
Stress from blocked goals (e.g. traffic jam).
⚔️ What is conflict?
Stress from competing motivations or desires.
🔄 What is change?
Life alterations that need adjustment (measured by SRRS scale).
📈 What is pressure?
Expectations to perform or conform.
😡 What are emotional responses to stress?
Anger, anxiety, sadness, and sometimes positive emotions.
📉 How does arousal affect performance?
The inverted-U: moderate arousal = best performance.
⚔️ What is the fight-or-flight response?
Automatic physical reaction to threat.
📊 What are the 3 stages of General Adaptation Syndrome?
Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion.
🧠 What is learned helplessness?
Giving up because past efforts didn’t help.
💥 What is catharsis?
Releasing emotion through aggression or expression.
🍫 What is self-indulgence?
Stress coping through eating, shopping, etc.
🛡️ What are defense mechanisms?
Unconscious strategies to protect yourself emotionally.
🔧 What is problem-focused coping?
Directly tackling the problem to reduce stress.
❤️ What is emotion-focused coping?
Managing your emotions rather than fixing the problem.
🧠 What are psychological effects of stress?
Burnout, PTSD, poor performance, possible growth.
