chapter 6

Question 1

Norm formation

Answer 1

the phenomenon when different people reach a consensus in a socially ambiguous setting.

Question 2

Conformity

Answer 2

a type of social influence involving a change in belief or behavior in order to fit in with a group

Question 3

Compliance

Answer 3

publicly changing opinion to fit in with the group but privately disagreeing. (Aschs line experiment,)

Question 4

Obedience

Answer 4

complying with the orders of an authority figure (compliance is obeying an order without agreeing with it).

Question 5

Acceptance

Answer 5

a favorable attitude toward an idea, situation, person, or group

Question 6

Reactance

Answer 6

Reactance occurs when an individual feels that an agent is attempting to limit one’s choice of response and/or range of alternatives.

Question 7

Group pressure

Answer 7

direct or indirect social pressure exerted by a group on its individual members to influence their choices.

Question 8

Asch study

Answer 8

Asch’s experiment, to maintain cooperation the individuals in the group work together, to much power in one person to influence the ideas of others, group size does not increase rate of conformity, unanimity-conformaty is more likely when all agree on the same answer, those who are more confident will conform less,and those with high self-esteem. Group think

Question 9

Sherif study

Answer 9

This study was carried out by Muzafer Sherif in the 1950s. It is an intergroup study, looking at what causes groups to change their behaviours when they come into contact with each other. The study explores Sherif’s theory of Realistic Conflict, looking at what happens when groups are forced to compete or cooperate.

Question 10

Milgram study

Answer 10

Milgram experiment, controversial series of experiments examining obedience to authority conducted by social psychologist Stanley Milgram.

Question 11

Normative influence

Answer 11

yielding to group pressure because a person wants to fit in with a group (asch line study- conforms because person is scared of being rejected from group)

Question 12

Social roles

Answer 12

A social role is a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group

Question 13

Social norm

Answer 13

Social norms are shared standards of acceptable behavior by groups. Social norms can both be informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society, as well as be codified into rules and laws

Question 14

Informational influence

Answer 14

When a person lacks knowledge and looks to the group for guidance. Or when a person is in an unclear situation and socially compares their behavior within the group (sherif study- The autokinetic effect is an illusion because the light does not actually move. However, people almost always believe that it does. first had their own individual norm, then conformed to the group)
Social roles