Chapter 6

Question 1

Importance of Nonverbal Communication

Answer 1

• Enhance verbal messages
• Aids message creation
• A form of constant communication
• Multi-channelled

Question 2

Nonverbal behavior v. Nonverbal Communication

Answer 2

Behavior: all nonverbal actions

Communication: the behavior must be assigned meaning
- some argue it requires intention too

Question 3

Similarities of nonverbal and verbal communication

Answer 3

• rule guided
• culturally bound
• contextually restricted

Question 4

Four Influences on Nonverbal Communication

Answer 4

1. Culture: eye contact
2. Relationship: nodding in class
3. Familiarity: impacts interpretation
4. Gender: women smile more

Question 5

Nonverbal Codes (Defenition and 6 Types)

Answer 5

means of expression that include both symbols and usage rules

Kinesics, paralinguistics, chronemics, proxemics, haptics, appearence/artifacts

Question 6

Kinesics (5 types)

Answer 6

The use of the body and the face

1. Illustrators: accompany words
2. Emblems: substitute words
3. Adaptors: release tension
4. Regulators: control communication flow
5. Posture, movement, and face and eye behavior

Question 7

Paralinguistics

Answer 7

Vocal behavior

Voice qualities: Rate, pitch, rhythm, vocal range, articulation
Vocalizations: “um”

Question 8

Chronemics

Answer 8

How we use and perceive time

Monochronic: one task at a time
Polychronic: multitasking

Question 9

Proxemics

Answer 9

The study of physical space

Hall’s Personal Space Zones
1. Intimate
2. Personal
3. Social
4. Public

Territoriality: altering spaces through personalization

Question 10

Haptics

Answer 10

The use of touch

5 types:
1. professional/functional touch: doctor
2. social-polite touch: handshake
3. Friendship touch: hug
4. Love-intimate touch: kiss
5. Demand touch: push

Question 11

Appearance and Artifacts

Answer 11

Looks and accessories

Attraction:
1. Physical appearance
2. Task (competence)
3. Social behavior
4. Homophily (similarity)

Question 12

5 functions of nonverbal messages

Answer 12

1. Communicates information
2. Regulates interaction
3. Express and manage intimacy
4. Social control
5. Service-task functions (doctor)

Question 13

Power and Prejudice

Answer 13

Nonverbal behavior can refelect prejudice and cause power imbalances

Ex:
- refuse to maintain eye contact
- cross the street when someone approaches
- Demand touch

Question 14

Improving nonverbal skills (4)

Answer 14

• aim for congruency between non-verbal and verbal messages
• adapt to the context
• recognize individual, contextual, and cultural influences
• assess behaviors as groups