chapter 6 Flashcards
the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or Gods
religion
the belief that God does not exist
Atheism
the belief that the existence of God cannot be proven or disproven by logic
Agnosticism
appeal primarily to one group of people living in one place.
Ethnic religions
a large and fundamental division within a religion
Branch
a division of a branch that unites a number of local congregations in a single legal and administrative body
Denomination
a relatively small group that had broken away from an established denomination.
sect
the belief that God dwells within all things, everything in nature is spiritual
Primal-indigenous ethnic religion
a combination of Buddhism (universalizing religion) with Confucianism, Taosim, and other traditional Chinese practices is practiced in East Asia and Southeast Asia
Chinese Traditional
the blending or combining of several traditions
Syncretism
emphasized the importance of the ancient Chinese tradition of li, which is the correct behavior
Confucianism
emphasize the mystical and magical aspects of life rather than the importance of public service
Taoism
an ethic religion whose followers believe that inanimate objects or natural events, such as natural disasters, have spirits and conscious life
Animism-
The belief is that the human personality continues to exist after death and can communicate with the living through a psychic
Spiritism
Four main religions (78%)
Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism
Largest Folk Religions (6%)
Chinese traditional, Primal-indigenous, African traditional
attempts to be global (widely spread) by appealing to all people regardless of location or culture
universalizing religions
how much of the world’s population practice an ethic relgion
26%
largest ethnic religion
Hindusim
Where is Christianity mostly practiced
Europe and sub-Saharan Africa
where is Islam mostly practiced
Southwest Aisa, North Africa, and Central Aisa
Where is Judaism
Israel
what is mostly practiced in East Aisa
1/2 unaffiliated, 1/2 Buddhism and fol relgions
What is mostly practiced in South Aisa
2/3 Hindus 1/3 Muslims
What is mostly practiced in Southeast Asia
2/5 (40%) Muslims 23% Buddhists and Christians
What is mostly practiced in sub-Saharan Africa
2/3 Christians (in the south) 1/3 Muslims (in the north)
2 branches of Christianity
Catholicism and Protestantism
Three major branches of Christianity
Roman catholic (51%)
Postisetant (2%)
Orthodox (11%)
Where is Roman Catholic usually practiced?
southwest and eastern Europe
Where is Postisetant usually practiced?
dominant in northwestern Europe
two denominations of the Protestant branch
methodist and baptist
what is the most practiced religion in Europe
half split between Roman Catholics and Christians
What is most practiced in the Western Hemisphere
christianity
Where are baptists mostly in the US
at the bottom area/ south
Where do latter day-saints practice mostly in the US
all in Utah, parts of Arizona, parts of Idaho, and a small number of Nevada and New Mexico
Where do Lutherans practice mainly in the US
The mid west
Where do Methodists practice in the US
In the states between the Baptist States and the Lutheran states
Where do Catholics come from (to the US)
Ireland, Latin America, and Italy (roman catholic)
What faith is indigenous to the US
Baptist
Where do Lutheran come from
Scandinavia
Mennonite is the same as
Amish
In the map of the US religions, what are most likely the “other” religions
Buddhist or Dearborn (Muslims)
Where is Islam mostly practiced
Central Asia, Southwest Asia, and North Africa
What are the two branches of Buddhists
Mahayana and Theravada
Where do people of the Mahayana religion mostly practice?
China, Japan, Korea
what type of Buddha does the Mahayana religion have
Laughing Buddha
What do the people of the Mahayana religions belive in moraly
The belief that enlightened humans can facilitate the path to nirvana
The belief that attainment of nirvana is not so trying
Where do people of the Theravada religion mostly practice (countries)
Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, and Thailand
what type of buddha does Theravada have
the silent calm propper buddha
Is Therevada the older or younger branch
older
What do the people of the Theravada religion believe in morally
Belief in deprivation as the path to nirvana
Where do most Muslims live
east in South and Southeast Asia
What are the two major branches of Islam
Sunni and Shiite (sometimes Shia)
Which branch of the Islam major branches is larger
Sunni
What type of new leader does Sunni want
the most qualified
What type of leader do the Shiite want?
Blood relative of Muhamid
What do people of Ethnic religions all share in common
similarities in history, language, and destiny
What is the Largest Ethnic religion
Hinduism
where is Hinduism concentrated
Nepal and India
What is the second-largest ethnic religion?
Shaivism
Which religion first had Monotheism
Judaism
the belief that there is only one God
Monotheism
the worship of a collection of gods
Polytheism
How many years ago was Christianity founded
2,000
Where was Christianity founded
Israel
Where did Orthodox start
Roman Empire
Where did Islam originate
Mecca, Saudi Arabia
Where did Buddhism orgininate
Nepal, India
What do the people of the Mahayana Buddhism branches believe morally?
to help other and aren’t demanding or strict with their pracitces
individuals who help to transmit a universalizing religion through relocation diffusion
Missionaries
What country attracts the most Islamic migrants
Saudi Arabia
What is the world’s only state with Jewish majority?
Israel
where people meet to pray, yet doesn’t need to be sacred, a meeting hall
Mosque
a community built to reflect the ideals of a particular religious or social group
Utopian Settlement
self-sufficient, and interaction among communities is confined to little more than loose cooperation and shared ideas
Autonomous religions-
a set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe
Cosmogony
what are considered to be the holiest places in India for the Hindus
river banks and coast lines
what do you call someone that practices Islam
Muslim
what religion buries bodies in stacks and in a tall cillender
Jainism
has months that correspond to the season or the apparent position of the sun in relation to the stars.
Solar calendar
has months that correspond to the cycles of the moon.
Lunar calendar
what religion uses a solar calendar
christians
what religion uses a lunar calendar
islams
lunisolar calendar
has lunar months that are brought into alignment with the solar year through periodic adjustments.
what religion uses a lunisolar calendar
jewish
a literal interpretation and a strict and intense adherence to what the fundamentalists define as the basic principles of a religion.
Fundamentalism
where and in what religion did fundamentalism start
in the US with prodestants
journeys of religious purposes
Pilgrimages-
what is a minaret and what religion is it related to
an architectural feature of a mosque which is related to Islam
