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Human Geography > chapter 5 > Flashcards

chapter 5 Flashcards

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1
Q

a system of communication through speech, which is a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning.

A

Language

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2
Q

a force that tends to unify people

A

Centripetal force

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3
Q

a force that tends to pull people apart

A

Centrifugal force

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4
Q

a language in daily use with a literary traditions that is not widely distributed

A

Developing Language

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5
Q

in daily use by people of all ages, but it lacks a literary tradition

A

Vigorous Language

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6
Q

used for face-to-face communication, but is losing users

A

Threatened Language

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7
Q

is still used today by older people, but is not being transmitted to children

A

Dying Language

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8
Q

the language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.

A

Official Language

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9
Q

collection of languages related through a common ancestral language.

A

Language Families-

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10
Q

collection of languages within a family related through a common ancestral language.

A

Language Branches

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11
Q

collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display similar grammar and vocabulary.

A

Language Groups

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12
Q

Belief that Indo-European languages (Germanic, Roce, Balto-Salvic, and Indo-Iranian) came from one language

A

Proto-Indo-European

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13
Q

a language of international communication

A

Lingua Franca

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14
Q

symbols that represent words or meaningful parts of words

A

Logograms

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15
Q

a subdivision of dialect

A

Subdialect

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16
Q

a language that results from the mixing of a colonizer’s language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated

A

Creole or Creolized Languages

17
Q

the spread of a trait through the snowballing effect of an idea

A

Expansion diffusion

18
Q

A language used in education, work, mass media, and government.

A

institutional language

19
Q

a regional variation of a language distinguished by distinctive vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation

A

Dialect

20
Q

a dialect that is well established and widely recognized as the most acceptable for government, business, education, and mass communication

A

Standard Language

21
Q

the standard language in England

A

Perceived pronunciation

22
Q

a word-usage boundary

A

Isogloss

23
Q

one unrelated to any other and therefore not attached to any language families

A

Isolated Language

24
Q

one that is longer spoken or read in daily activities by anyone in the world

A

Extinct language

25
Q

a language in daily use with a literary tradition that is not widely distributed

A

Developing language

26
Q

what is a centripetal force related to this unit

A

sharing a language

27
Q

why do people not speak the same language

A

because of the lack of migration between the two places

28
Q

what is the grouping of english

A

family: indo- european
branch: germanic
group:west germanic

29
Q

how much of the worlds population speak Indo-European or Sino-tibetan

A

2/3

30
Q

what is the most widley spoken language family

A

indo-european

31
Q

what are the four most widely spoken branches

A

Germanic, indo-iranian, balto-salvic,romance

32
Q

what is the second most spoken language family

A

sino-tibetan

33
Q

what are the two most widely spoken East Asia Languages families

A

Japanese and Korean

34
Q

nomadic warrior hypothesis

A

Warriors conquered and brought languages with them

35
Q

Sedentary Farmer Hypothesis

A

Farms expanded and brought languages slowly through growing families and expanding farms over a long period of time

36
Q

the two hypothesis about how Proto-Inndo European language origninated

A

Nomadic Warrior Hypothesis (Nomadic-wandering)

Sedentary Farmer Hypothesis (sedentary-stationary)

37
Q

why is there a lot of french in english

A

the invasion of england in 1066

Human Geography (13 decks)

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