chapter 11

Question 1

where was the hearth of industry

Answer 1

Europe (northern englands and southern scotland) in 18th century

Question 2

home-based manufacturing

Answer 2

cottage industry

Question 3

what type of jobs is industry based around

Answer 3

secondary secotor

Question 4

three principal industrial regions and why

Answer 4

europe- first to industrialize
north america- a lot in southern because of low labor cost
east asia- leading manufacturing country

Question 5

industrial location factors related to the cost of factors of production inside a plant

Answer 5

Site Factors-

Question 6

three production factors

Answer 6

labor, capital, land

Question 7

the funds to establish new factories or modernize existing ones

Answer 7

Capital

Question 8

location factors relating to the transportation of materials into and from a factory

Answer 8

Situation Factors

Question 9

an industry in which the inputs weigh more than the final products

Answer 9

Bulk-Reducing Industry-

Question 10

what industries are located close to market (3)

Answer 10

bulk-gaining, perishable, single market

Question 11

makes something that gains volume or weight during production

Answer 11

Bulk-Gaining Industry

Question 12

a specialized manufacturer with only one or two customers

Answer 12

Single-Market Manufacture

Question 13

what is the order of transportaion from cheapest to most expensive

Answer 13

ship
rail
truck
plane

Question 14

The farther something is transported, the cost per KM (or mile) is _______

Answer 14

cheaper

Question 15

a location where transfer among transportation modes is possible

Answer 15

Break-of-Bulk Point-

Question 16

three fossil fuels

Answer 16

coal, petroluem, natural gas

Question 17

two ways the demand for petroleum has dampend

Answer 17

conservation and raised gas price

Question 18

The higher a country’s per capita GDP, the ______ its per capita carbon emissions

Answer 18

higher

Question 19

turning over much of the resopnsiblility for production to independent suppliers.

Answer 19

outsourcing

Question 20

Vertical Integration-

Answer 20

which a company controls all phases of a highly complex production process

Question 21

acid precipitation generally doesn’t fall from where it is ___

Answer 21

emitted

Question 22

enters a body of water at a specific location

Answer 22

point source pollution

Question 23

water pollution that comes from a large, diffuse area

Answer 23

nonpoint-source pollution

Question 24

there is a general ____ in prodution of steel in developing countries and a general _____ of the production of steel in developed countries

Answer 24

increase, decrease

Question 25

what is one reson the industry shirfted in the US

Answer 25

right-to-work-laws

Question 26

in europe the industry shifted from where to where

Answer 26

northwestern to southern and eastern europe

Question 27

what does the new international divisions of labor mean

Answer 27

operations that don’t require skilled workers are set in developing countries and Operations that do require skilled workers operate in developed countries

Question 28

what allowed operations to be based in developing countries

Answer 28

shipping technology improvements

Question 29

what are three inputs to indutrialization to move from the northeast to the south in the US

Answer 29

the Tennessee Valley Authority
right-to-work laws
populations shift

Question 30

what are closed shops equilivent to/ mean

Answer 30

there are unions

Question 31

what does right-to-work mean

Answer 31

option to join a union

Question 32

what political party doesn’t like unions

Answer 32

republicans

Question 33

what is NAFTA

Answer 33

north Atlantic free trade agreement
reduces barriers to moving goods among Mexico, the US and canada