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Biology Lecture > Chapter 5 terms > Flashcards

Chapter 5 terms Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

monosaccharide

A

1 sugar; monomer; glucose

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2
Q

disaccharides

A

2 sugars; dimer; sucrose

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3
Q

oligosaccharide

A

3+ sugars

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4
Q

polysaccharides

A

100’s of sugars; polymer; structural role; starch

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5
Q

how are monosaccharides bonded together

A

glycosidic linkages

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6
Q

what causes glycosidic linkages to break

A

hydrolysis reaction

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

What are alpha linkages

A

“Under table”; under sugar ring; hydroxyl group

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9
Q

What is a beta linkage

A

“On top of table”; above sugar ring; hydroxyl group

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10
Q

Function of carbs

A
  • energy
  • recognition and identity
  • structure
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11
Q

What is starch and where is it found

A

Found in plants; helix structure

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12
Q

What is the main function of starch

A

Energy reserves in plants

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13
Q

What is the structure of starch

A

Branched every 30 monomers

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14
Q

What are the 2 types of starch

A
  1. Amylase(unbranched)
  2. Amylopectin(branched)
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15
Q

What carbs do animals have

A

Glycogen

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16
Q

What is the function and structure of glycogen

A

Function: energy storage (storage polysaccharide)
Structure: highly branched every 1/10 monomer

17
Q

What carb do fungi have

A

Chitin

18
Q

What is function of chitin

A

Structural polymer for cell walls

19
Q

What is the structure of chitin

A
  • B glycosidic linkages
  • linear (every other monomer)
  • hydrogen bonds
20
Q

What other carb can be found in plants

A

Cellulose

21
Q

What is the structure and function of cellulose

A

Structure: B linkages- harder to break
Function: structure support in cell wall and polymer of glucose

22
Q

How do you number glucose

A

Move clockwise after finding oxygen

23
Q

Glycoproteins

A

Carbs attached to proteins

24
Q

Glycolipids

A

Carbs attached to lipids

25
Q

What are the functions of glycoproteins and glycolipids

A
  1. Cell recognition “identify self”
  2. Cell signaling
26
Q

Triose

A

Monosaccharide with 3 carbon atoms

27
Q

Pentose

A

Monosaccharide with 5 carbons

28
Q

Hexose

A

Monosaccharide with 6 carbons

29
Q

Aldose

A

Monosaccharide with carbon backbone and carbonyl group on end most carbon atom

30
Q

Ketose

A

Monosaccharide with 3 carbon atoms

31
Q

Why is branching important in carbs

A

Branching allows carbs to tap into the energy reserves

Biology Lecture (15 decks)

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