Chapter 5-social Structure And Social Interaction

Question 0

Game theory

Answer 0

A mathematical theory that regards human interaction as a game.

Question 1

Role

Answer 1

Behavior others expect from a person associated with a particular status.

Question 2

Zero sum game

Answer 2

Like poker, one loses one wins

Question 3

Social organization

Answer 3

The order established in social groups.

Question 4

Role

Answer 4

Behavior others expect from a person associated with a particular status.

Question 5

Ethnomethodology

Answer 5

A technique for studying human interaction by deliberately disrupting social social norms and observing how individuals attempt to restore normalcy.

Question 6

Macroanalysis

Answer 6

Analysis of the whole of society, how it is organized and how it changes.

Question 7

Social structure

Answer 7

The patterns of social relationships and social institutions that make up society.

Question 8

Postindustrial society

Answer 8

A society economically dependent upon the production and distribution of services, information, and knowledge.

Question 9

Society

Answer 9

A system of social interaction that includes both culture and social organization.

Question 10

Social institution

Answer 10

An established and organized system of social behavior with a recognized purpose.

Question 11

Master status

Answer 11

Some characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the persons identity.

Question 12

Ascribed status

Answer 12

A status determined at birth.

Question 13

Gesellschaft

Answer 13

A type of society in which increasing importance is placed on the secondary relationships people have – that is, less intimate and more instrumental relationships.

Question 14

Gemeinschaft

Answer 14

German for community, a state characterized by a sense of common feeling among the members of a society, including strong personal ties, sturdy primary group memberships, and a sense of personal loyalty to one another; associated with rural life.

Question 15

Role modeling

Answer 15

Imitation of the behavior of an admired other.

Question 16

Collective consciousness

Answer 16

The body of beliefs that are common to a community or society that give people a sense of belonging.

Question 17

Social interaction

Answer 17

Behavior between two or more people that is given meaning.

Question 18

Proxemic communication

Answer 18

Meaning conveyed by the amount of space between interacting individuals.

Question 19

Role strain

Answer 19

Conflicting expectations within the same role

Question 20

Nonverbal communication

Answer 20

Communication by means other than speech, as by touch, gestures, use of distance, eye movements, and so on.

Question 21

Imprinting

Answer 21

A process whereby a newly hatched or newborn member of a species attaches itself to the first object “seen” by it, whether or not it is the mother, and whether it is an animal, human, or a physical object.

Question 22

Status inconsistency

Answer 22

Exists when the different statuses occupied by the individual bring with them significantly different amounts of prestige.

Question 23

Cyberspace interaction

Answer 23

Interaction occurring when two or more communicate electronically.

Question 24

Preindustrial society

Answer 24

One that directly uses, modifies, and/or tills the land as a major means of survival.

Question 25

Role set

Answer 25

All roles occupied by a person at a given time.

Question 26

Impression management

Answer 26

A process by which people attempt to control how others perceive them.

Question 27

Group

Answer 27

A collection of individuals who interact and communicate, share goals and norms, and who have a subjective awareness as “we”.

Question 28

Mechanical solidarity

Answer 28

Unity based on similarity, not difference, of roles.

Question 29

Role conflict

Answer 29

Two more roles associated with contradictory expectations.

Question 30

Status

Answer 30

An established position in a social structure that carries with it a degree of prestige.

Question 31

Microanalysis

Answer 31

Analysis of the smallest, most immediately visible part of social life, such as people interacting.

Question 32

Achieved status

Answer 32

A status attained by effort.

Question 33

Division of labor

Answer 33

The systematic interrelation of different tasks that develops in complex societies.

Question 34

Organic solidarity

Answer 34

Unity based on role differentiation, not similarity.

Question 35

Status set

Answer 35

The complete set of statuses occupied by a person at a given time.