Chapter 4

Question 0

Significant others

Answer 0

Those with whine we have a close affiliation.

Question 1

Life course

Answer 1

The connection between people’s personal attributes, the roles they occupy, the life events they experience, and the social and historical context of these events.

Question 2

Identity

Answer 2

How one defines oneself.

Question 3

Age discrimination

Answer 3

Different and unequal treatment of people based solely on their age.

Question 4

Internalization

Answer 4

A process by which a part of culture becomes incorporated into the personality.

Question 5

Looking glass self

Answer 5

The idea that people’s conception of self arises through reflection about their relationships to others.

Question 6

Resocialization

Answer 6

The process by which existing social roles are radically altered or replaced.

Question 7

Psychoanalytic theory

Answer 7

A theory of socialization positing that the unconscious mind shapes human behavior.

Question 8

Self concept

Answer 8

A persons image and evaluation of important aspects of oneself.

Question 9

Peers

Answer 9

Those of similar status

Question 10

Generalized other

Answer 10

An abstract composite of social roles and social expectations.

Question 11

Play stage

Answer 11

Th stage in childhood when children begin to take on the roles of significant people in their environment.

Question 12

Rite of passage

Answer 12

Ceremony or ritual that symbolizes the passage of an individual from one role to another.

Question 13

Disengagement theory

Answer 13

Theory predicting that as people age, they gradually withdraw from participation in society and are simultaneously relieved of responsibilities.

Question 14

Socialization

Answer 14

The process through which people learn the expectations of society.

Question 15

Ageism

Answer 15

The institutionalized practice of age prejudice and discrimination.

Question 16

Game stage

Answer 16

The stage in childhood when children become capable of taking a multitude of roles at the same time.

Question 17

Age cohort

Answer 17

An aggregate group of people born during the same time period.

Question 18

Personality

Answer 18

The cluster of needs, drives, attitudes, predispositions, feelings, and beliefs that characterize a given person.

Question 19

Roles

Answer 19

Behavior others expect from a person associated with a particular status.

Question 20

Social learning theory

Answer 20

A theory of socialization positing that the formation of identity is a learned response to social stimuli.

Question 21

Age stereotypes

Answer 21

Preconceived judgements about what different age groups are like.

Question 22

Age stratification

Answer 22

The hierarchical ranking of age groups in society.

Question 23

Age prejudice

Answer 23

A negative attitude about an age group that is generalized to all people in that group.

Question 24

Self

Answer 24

Our concept of who we are, as formed in relationship to others.

Question 25

Taking the role of other

Answer 25

Process of imagining oneself from the point of view of another.

Question 26

Socialization agents

Answer 26

Those who pass on social expectations.

Question 27

Imitation stage

Answer 27

The stage in childhood when children copy the behavior of those around them.

Question 28

Stockholm syndrome

Answer 28

A process whereby a captured person identifies with the captor as a result of becoming inadvertently dependent upon the captor.

Question 29

Social control

Answer 29

The process by which groups and individuals within those groups are. Brought into conformity with dominant social expectations.

Question 30

Anticipatory socialization

Answer 30

The process of learning the expectations associated with a role one expects to enter in the future.

Question 31

Age sterotype

Answer 31

Preconceived judgements about what different age groups are like.