chapter 5 review Flashcards
traditional organization theory has 3 stems, what are they
1) scientific management
2) bureaucratic model
3) admin/management theory
* described as mechanistic - closed system, little influence from outside org.
the focus of scientific management is to do what
one best way - father scientific management - Filu Taylor
How do functional supervision and the exception principle operate?
function - people responsible for directing even if not a supervisor
exception principle- routine matters handled at lower levels
Webers bureaucratic model has certain characteristics. what are they?
follows principle of hierarchy which provides vertical highway - formal principle of hierarchy which provides vertical hwy - formal comm. channels
right of appeal to hierarchy
specific areas of competence division of labor exist - greater amount - the more grows vertically coord. different units
official duties bound by rational rules.
recorded in writing
authority ass. w/ position property of office not occupant of positon
app. basis of qualification
org. members do not own it.
face of gov. operate 2 modes
follow law & policies
citizen agents bend - ignore law & policies
can you summarize administrative theory?
concentrates on broader principles/works bureaucratic model more than scientific management. known by Luther Gulick - Lyndall Urwick.
What does PODSCORB mean?
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what did the human relations school seek to accomplish?
research of elton mayo - original study fatigue-production work increase - decrease
*productivity is influence of interpersonal relatons & cooperation
Organizational humanism called for what change?
does not like traditional org.
should motivate
pay attention to employees on/off job
job not to make living
what is maslow’s needs hierarchy
individual motivation 1943 lower to higher order needs me no longer motivate
Immaturity - maturity theory says traditional organizations are a barrier to an individuals search for maturity. How does this happen?
self actualization self esteem belongingness-love safety physiological
how do theory X & Y differ
managerial acts rested on conscious - subconscious assump - beliefs how workers behave
theory X-avoid work - coerced or threatened to do work - average person prefers directive
theory Y- physical - mutual effort natural people exercise self control-commit function of reward average human learns proper conditions - imagination - releasing energy more happy employees.
what is the difference in herzbergs motivation and hygiene factors?
Hygiene - maintenance factor/ motivators work environment / motivator - work itself
how do you use force field analysis?
lewin driving force pushes for new conditions - restraining forces resist change.
can you diagram a basic open system view of l.e. agency?
ludwig von bert - general system theroy
1) beyond boundary is part of environment
2) relationship w/environment
3) walls boundaries permeable
4) use coding
5) Become more complex
6) prospect decline
7) evolve
8) double loop
9) achieve goal
single and double loop learning accomplish what?
allows org. make corrections
judge right objective - programs
what is the entropic process?
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what 4 types of organizations are ass. w/answering the question “who benefits”
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