Chapter 5 - Review

Question 1

The 2 major components of the integumentary system are….

Answer 1

the cutaneous membrane and the accessory structures

Question 2

Exposure of the skin to ultraviolet radiation can result in….

Answer 2

damage to the DNA of cells in stratum basale

Question 3

The cutaneous plexus and papillary plexus consist of…?

Answer 3

blood vessels providing the dermal blood supply

Question 4

The portion of the hair follicle where cell divisions occur is called the…

Answer 4

matrix

Question 5

What are the 2 types of exocrine glands in the skin?

Answer 5

sebaceous glands and sweat glands

Question 6

Apocrine sweat glands can be controlled by which 2 things?

Answer 6

the autonomic nervous system and the endocrine system

Question 7

What is the primary function of sensible perspiration?

Answer 7

reduce body temperature

Question 8

The stratum corneum of the nail root, which extends over the exposed nail is called the..

Answer 8

eponychium

Question 9

In which layer(s) of the epidermis does cell division occur?

Answer 9

stratum basale

Question 10

What widespread effects does EGF have on the integument?

Answer 10

promotes division of basal in stratum basale and spinosum, accelerates production of keratin, stimulates epidermal repair after an injury, stimulates secretion my epithelial glands

Question 11

List the 4 stages of the regeneration of skin after an injury?

Answer 11

1. Bleeding
2. Scab formation
3. Granulation tissue formation
4. Scarring

Question 12

What are the benefits of a tan?

Answer 12

A tan is the result of synthesis of melanin in the kin. Melanin helps prevent sun damage by absorbing UV rays before they reach the deep layers of the epidermis and dermis. Melanin concentrates around the nucleus in cells so it can absorb the UV rays before it can damage DNA

Question 13

How are lines of cleavage formed?

Answer 13

orientation of dermal collagen and elastic fibers

Question 14

Do bacteria have to penetrate to the level of the capillaries to cause in infection?

Answer 14

NO

Question 15

Why does a nail puncture in the food have a more chance of getting infected than a cut from a knife on the finger?

Answer 15

free bleeding - as with the cut- will wash many bacteria from the wound site. The nail can carry bacteria beneath the surface of the skin where it’s anaerobic and past the skin’s protective barriers

Question 16

What does sunlight do to maintain proper bone maintenance and growth?

Answer 16

UV light converts a cholesterol-related steroid into vitamin d3. This compound is converted to the hormone calcitrol which is essential for absorbing calcium and phosphorus

Question 17

If a child lives in an area where exposure to sunlight is rare, what can they do to help bone maintenance and growth?

Answer 17

Drink more milk. It’s fortified with vitamin d3

Question 18

Which layers of the hair are affected by dying it?

Answer 18

breaks the protective covering of the cortex, allowing dyes to stain the medulla of the shaft

Question 19

Why is hair dying not permanent?

Answer 19

The living portion of the hair remains unaffected.

and

the cortex remains damaged, allowing shampoo and UV rays to enter the medulla and affect the color