Chapter 5: Nervous, Skeletal & Muscular Systems Flashcards
Somatic Nervous System
Controls body movements with skeletal muscles.
Autonomic Nervous System
When certain parts of the body work involuntarily, like the heart rate, digestion…
Sympathetic Nervous System
Prepares the body to respond to potential danger.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
When the body is resting.
Proprioception
Body’s ability to recognize its own position in space.
Muscle Spindle
Stretch receptors (protein) of a muscle that detect changes in the length of a muscle.
Stretch Reflex
Signal from muscle spindle that contracts the muscle to prevent excessive lengthening.
Golgi Tendon Organ (GTO)
When lifting something, GTO senses how much tension the muscle is using.
Osteoporosis
Reduces bone mineral density.
Osteoclasts
Break down and remove old bone tissue.
Osteoblasts
Create and add new bone tissue.
Wolff’s Law
Bones will adapt based on the stress or demands placed on them.
Osteokinematics
Visible Movements like flexion/extension
Arthrokinematics
Small movements happening at the joint surface like rolls, glides/slides, and spins.
Synovial Joint
Joints that move against each other.
