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CPT Exam > Chapter 5 - Human Movement Science > Flashcards

Chapter 5 - Human Movement Science Flashcards

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1
Q

The science concerned with the internal and external forces acting on the human body and the effects produced by these forces

A

Biomechanics

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2
Q

positioned above a point of reference

A

superior

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3
Q

positioned below a point of reference

A

inferior

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4
Q

positioned nearest the center of the body, or point of reference

A

proximal

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5
Q

positioned farthest from the center of the body, or point of referene

A

distal

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6
Q

on the front of the body

A

anterior

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7
Q

on the back of the body

A

posterior

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8
Q

positioned neat the middle of the body

A

medial

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9
Q

positioned toward the outside of the body

A

lateral

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10
Q

positioned on the opposite side of the body

A

contralateral

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11
Q

positioned on the same side of the body

A

ipsilateral

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12
Q

the position with the body erect with the arms at the sides and the palms forward.

A

anatomic position

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13
Q

an imaginary bisector that divides the body into left and right halves

A

sagittal plane

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14
Q

A bending movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments dereases

A

flexion

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15
Q

Plane of motion occuring with flexion/extension on a coronal axis

A

Sagittal

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16
Q

Plane of motion occuring with adduction/abduction, lateral flexion, eversion/inversion on an anterior-posterior axis

A

Frontal

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17
Q

Plane of motion occuring with internal/external rotation, left/right rotation, horizontal adducction/abduction on a longitudinal plane

A

Transverse

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18
Q

Biceps curl, tricep push-down, squat, front lunge, calf raise, walking, running, vertical jumping, climbing stairs all occur in which plane of motion?

A

Sagittal

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19
Q

Side lateral raise, side lunge, and side shuffle all occur in which plane of motion?

A

Frontal

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20
Q

Trunk rotation, throwing, golfing, and swinging a bat all occur in which plane of motion?

A

Transverse

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21
Q

Flexion where toe points up toward you.

A

Dorsiflexion

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22
Q

Flexion where toe point down and away.

A

Plantar flexion

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23
Q

Flexion where knee bends leg backward as in a hamstring curl.

A

Knee flexion

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24
Q

extension where knee direct the foot out and away from the body.

A

knee extension

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25
Q

high knee leg raise is an example of which type of flexion?

A

hip flexion; femoral-on-pelvic rotation

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26
Q

bending forward hinging at the hip as in a deadlift is an example of what type of flexion?

A

Hip flexion: pelvic-on-femoral rotation

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27
Q

extending the leg straight and directly backwards is an example of?

A

hip extension

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28
Q

bending the upper back and head forward is an example of spinal ___________ .

A

Flexion

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29
Q

bending the head and upper back backwards is an example of spinal ________ .

A

Extension

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30
Q

bending at the elbow bringin the hand toward the shoulder is an example of elbow __________ .

A

Flexion

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31
Q

hinging at the elbow and extending the arm down and outward is an example of Elbow ________ .

A

Extension

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32
Q

bringing the arm overhead is an example of shoulder ___________ .

A

Flexion

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33
Q

bring the arm straight down and away is an example of shoulder _____________ .

A

Extension

34
Q

bending the head forward and down is an example of cervical ____________ .

A

Flexion

35
Q

extending the head back and upward is an example of cervical ___________ .

A

Extension

36
Q

A straightening movement in which the relative angle between two adjacent segments increases.

A

Extension

37
Q

Extension of a joint beyond the normal limit or range of motion.

A

hyperextension

38
Q

An imaginary bisector that divides the body into front and back halves.

A

frontal plane

39
Q

a movement in the frontal plane away from the midline of the body.

A

abduction

40
Q

movement in the frontal plane back toward the midline of the body

A

adduction

41
Q

an imaginary bisector that divides the body into top and bottom halves

A

Transverse Plane

42
Q

rotation of a joint toward the middle of the body

A

internal rotation

43
Q

rotation of a joint away from the middle of the body

A

external rotation

44
Q

movement of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from an anterior position to a lateral position

A

horizontal abduction

45
Q

movment of the arm or thigh in the transverse plane from a lateral position to an anterior position

A

horizontal adduction

46
Q

side bend is an example of ______________ flexion

A

lateral

47
Q

Eversion, inversion, hip abduction/adduction, lateral flexion, shoulder abduction/adduction, and cervical lateral flexion are all examples of ___________ and ___________ movements. Pg 81

A

adduction and abduction

48
Q

Adduction of scapula; shoulder blades move toward the midline.

A

scapular retraction

49
Q

abduction of scapula; shoulder blades move away from the midline

A

scapular protraction

50
Q

downward (inferior) motion of the scapula

A

scapular depression

51
Q

upward (superior) motion of the scapula

A

scapular elevation

52
Q

rotate extended arm to face palm outward.

A

Radioulnar supination

53
Q

rotate extended arm to face palm inward

A

radioulnar pronation

54
Q

rotate lifted arms outward

A

shoulder horizontal abduction

55
Q

rotate lifted arms inward

A

shoulder horizontal adduction

56
Q

a muscle contraction where force is produced, muscle tension is developed, and movement occurs through a given range of motion. (constant muscle tension). Two kinds: Eccentric and Concentric

A

Isotonic

57
Q

muscle action that occurs when a muscle develops tension while lengthening

A

Eccentric.

58
Q

When a muscle is exerting force greater than the resistive force, resulting in shortening of the muscle.

A

Concentric

59
Q

When a muscle is exerting force equal to the force being placed on it leading to no visisble change in the muscle length.

A

Isometric

60
Q

When a muscle shortens at a constant speed over the full range of motion.

A

Isokinetic

61
Q

An influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration or deceleration of the second object.

A

Force

62
Q

the resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length

A

Length-Tension Relationship

63
Q

Muscle groups moving together to produce movement around a joint.

A

Force-Couple

64
Q

Common force couple that creates a trunk rotation movement

A

Internal and external obliques

65
Q

a common force couple that causes upward rotation of the scapula

A

upper trapezius and the lower portion of the serratus anterior

66
Q

a common force-couple that produces hip and knee extension during walking, running, stair climbing, etc.

A

Gluteus maximus, quadriceps, and calf

67
Q

a common for couple that performs plantarflexion at the foot and ankle complex

A

Gastrocnemius, peroneus longus, and tibialis posterior

68
Q

a common force-couple that performs should abduction

A

deltoid and rotator cuff

69
Q

movement of the bones around the joints

A

Rotary Motion

70
Q

A force that produces rotation. Common unit of measurement is the newton-meter or Nm.

A

Torque

71
Q

Motor response to internal and extternal environmental stimuli

A

Motor Behavior

72
Q

How the central nervous system integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experiences to produce a motor response

A

Motor Control

73
Q

Integration of motor control processes through practice and experience, leading to a relatively permanent change in the capacity to produce skilled movements.

A

Motor Learning

74
Q

The change in motor skill behavior over time throughout the lifespan.

A

Motor development

75
Q

Groups of muscles that are recruited by the central nervous system to provide movement.

A

Muscle Synergies

76
Q

The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanoreceptors that sense body position and limb movements.

A

Proprioception

77
Q

The cooperation of the nervous and muscular system in gathering and interpreting information and executing movement.

A

Sensorimotor Integration

78
Q

The use of sensory information and sensorimotor integration to help the human movement system in motor learning.

A

Feedback

79
Q

The process whereby sensory information is used by the body to reactively monitor movement and the environment.

A

Internal Feedback

80
Q

Information provided by some external source, such as a health and fitness professional, videotape, mirror, or heart rate monitor to supplement the internal environment.

A

External Feedback

CPT Exam (20 decks)

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