Chapter 5: Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution: 1700-1775 Flashcards
1
Q
Pennsylvania “Dutch”
A
- Protestant Germans that moved to the back country of Pennsylvania while fleeing religious persecution
- no deep root loyalty to the British crown
2
Q
Scots- Irish
A
- Scots-lowlanders who abandoned Ireland and came to America
- Since the best land was already taken they moved to the back country
- most were squatters who quarreled with indians
3
Q
Michel-Guillaume de Crevecoeur
A
- a French settler that saw the mixing of bloods that could not be found in any other country
- asked what the common American was (“this new man”)
4
Q
“Bread” Colonies
A
*fertile middle colonies that produced large quantities of grain
5
Q
Triangular Trade
A
- New England goods would go to the gold coast of Africa to be traded for slaves
- slaves would go to the west indies to be traded for raw materials
- raw materials would go back to New England to be made into manufactured goods
- this made many Americans rich
6
Q
Molasses Act (1733)
A
- law passed by the British government restricting trade between the colonies and the French West Indies
- was not successful since colonists were able to bribe and smuggle their way around it
- law shows the British attempting to tighten control over the colonies
7
Q
“Established” Religions
A
- religions that were tax-supported
* two main ones were the Anglican and the Congressional
8
Q
Anglicans (Church of England)
A
- one of the two major established religions
- official faith of Georgia, North and South Carolina, Virginia, Maryland and part of New York
- less fierce and more worldly religion
9
Q
Congregational Church
A
- grown out of the Puritan church
- established in all New England colonies but Rhode Island
- based on the belief that individual churches should govern themselves
10
Q
Presbyterian Church
A
- comes from Calvinism
- never made official in any colonies
- split with Congregationalists over the great awakening
11
Q
“Great Awakening” (1730s-1740s)
A
- religious revival
- encouraged great emotion in religion
- set off schisms in religious sects
- started with Johnathan Edwards
- George Whitfield was also a major influence
12
Q
Jonathan Edwards
A
- spoke with burning righteousness
- proclaimed need for complete dependence on God’s grace, not good works
- described hell and eternal torments of the damned
- known for starting off the Great Awakening
13
Q
George Whitefield
A
- amazing religious speaker
- instilled great emotion in his listeners
- influential during the Great Awakening
14
Q
Baptists
A
*non established religious group that benefited from the Great Awakening (made room for emotion in their religion)
15
Q
Harvard College
A
- first American college
- established in 1636
- founded by Puritan theologians who wanted to create a training center for ministers
- primarily young white men attended
