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APUSH > Chapter 13: The Rise Of Mass Democracy: 1824-1840 > Flashcards

Chapter 13: The Rise Of Mass Democracy: 1824-1840 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
0
Q

Henry Clay

A
  • also ran in election of 1824
  • put in his own words in the house of rep. when attempting to choose president
  • practically made John Quincy Adams president
  • made secretary of state after Adams won presidency
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1
Q

Andrew Jackson

A
  • hero of New Orleans

* ran in election of 1824 but lost

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2
Q

John Quincy Adams

A
  • made president in 1824

* winner of the “corrupt bargain”

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3
Q

King Caucus

A

*idea that the presidents had to come from two political parties before 1824

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4
Q

Corrupt Bargain

A
  • election of 1824

* bargains between John Quincy Adams and Henry Clay

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5
Q

Old Hickory

A
  • referring to Jackson and his old hickory self

* planted hickory trees to represent him

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6
Q

Mudslinging

A

*people against Jackson that printed out flyers against him and said his mother was a prostitute and his wife was an adulteress

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7
Q

Rachel Robards

A
  • Jackson’s wife, never made it to first lady

* was ensured a divorce that never happened

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8
Q

Inaugural Brawl

A
  • Jackson’s inauguration in 1828

* white house was open to the public and people went a little haywire

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9
Q

King Mob

A
  • described the followers of Jackson

* people who were a this inauguration

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10
Q

Rotation in Office

A

*rewarding political supporters even if they are incompetent for the job

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11
Q

Tariff of Abominations (1828)

A
  • tariff of 1828 that the old south detested

* south were tired of selling to non tariff protected and buying tariff protected items

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13
Q

Denmark Vesey

A
  • failed revolt by a free black named Denmark Vesey in Charleston 1822
  • tried to steal arms and lead slaves to freedom
  • failed due to loyal slaves
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14
Q

Nullies

A
  • group that was under Jackson’s presidency that tried to muster the necessary 2/3 vote for nullification in South Carolina legislature
  • blocked by “submission men”
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15
Q

Tariff of 1833

A
  • proposed by Henry Clay and John Calhoun that gradually lowered the tariff to the level of the Tariff of 1816
  • avoided civil war and prolonged the union for another 30 years.
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16
Q

Force Bill

A
  • passed by Congress

* authorized the president to use the army and navy, if necessary, to collect tariffs

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16
Q

Cherokees

A

*

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18
Q

Cherokees

A
  • group of native americans
  • sent out on trail of tears
  • apart of five civilized tribes
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19
Q

Five civilized tribes

A
  • Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles
  • they tried to live in harmony with their white neighbors, who called them this name
  • many Indians had given up nomadic hunting and had adopted a more settled way of life
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20
Q

Indian Removal Act

A
  • passed by Congress
  • provided for the resettlement of all 100,000 Native Americans (including all of the Five Civilized Tribes) east of the Mississippi to a newly defined Indian Territory in what is now Oklahoma.
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21
Q

Trail of Tears

A
  • Cherokee Indians were forced to make a grueling march in the winter of 1838-39
  • many died under the poor management and atrocious conditions
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21
Q

Seminoles

A

*

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23
Q

Seminoles

A
  • one of five civilized tribes
  • fought a bitter and protracted war with the United States Army, killing 1.500 US soldiers in seven years
  • forced to relocate to Oklahoma in a bitter forced march
24
Q

Bank of the United States

A

*the “moneyed monster” that Clay tried to preserve and that Jackson killed with his veto in 1832

25
Q

Nicholas Biddle

A
  • head of the Second Bank of the United States
  • forced smaller banks to refrain from excessive printing of banknotes, a major contributor to inflation
  • some people believed bank had too much power to restrict the speculative and potentially profitable business dealings of smaller banks
26
Q

Anti-Masonic Party

A

*brought many evangelical Christians into politics and showed that others besides Jackson could stir up popular feelings

27
Q

Election of 1832

A
  • Clay vs. Jackson
  • “Freedom and Clay”- “Jackson forever: Go the whole hog”
  • anti-Masonic party joined which opposed secrecy of Masonic order
  • national nominating conventions
  • Jackson won
28
Q

Mandate

A

*the authority to carry out a policy or course of action, regarded as given by the electorate to a candidate or party that is victorious in an election

29
Q

Pet Banks

A

*the repositories for government funds were quickly dubbed this name by their rivals.

30
Q

Specie Circular

A
  • forced the payment for federal lands with gold or silver

* impossible for settlers to buy government lands because few possessed the necessary specie

31
Q

Democrats

A
  • worked to get Jackson elected
  • accordance with the “common man” ideals
  • denounced Henry Clay’s “American System” and supported states’ rights
  • democrats also defended the Spoils System as a necessary element of an efficient government.
31
Q

Favorite Son

A

*

33
Q

Favorite Son

A

*presidential candidates who were nominated by their own state, primarily out of local loyalty.

34
Q

William Henry Harrison

A
  • given the Whig nomination

* won fame as the hero of the battle at Tippecanoe and possessed few known political convictions.

34
Q

Panic of 1837

A

*

35
Q

Speculation

A

*

37
Q

Speculation

A

*investment in stocks, property, or other ventures in the hope of gain but with the risk of loss

38
Q

Divorce Bill

A
  • passed by Van Buren in 1837
  • divorced the government from banking altogether
  • established an independent treasury, so the gov. could lock its money in vaults in several of the larger cities
  • proposal to establish an independent treasury
38
Q

Stephen Austin

A

*

40
Q

Stephen Austin

A

*original leader of American settlers in Texas who obtained a huge land grant from the Mexican government

41
Q

Davy Crockett

A
  • frontier hero & Tennessee Congressman

* died in the Texas War for Independence.

42
Q

Sam Houston

A
  • United States politician and military leader who fought to gain independence for Texas from Mexico and to make it a part of the United States
  • first president of Texas
43
Q

Santa Anna

A
  • Mexican president and General
  • dictator who tried to crush the Texas revolt and who lost battles to Winfield Scott and Zachary Taylor in the Mexican War
  • attack on Alamo in 1836; defeated by Sam Houston at San Jacinto
44
Q

Alamo

A
  • Santa Anna’s force of 4000 men laid siege to San Antonio
  • 200 Texan defenders retreated into an abandoned mission, the Alamo
  • Texans were completely wiped out
45
Q

W. B. Travis

A
  • Commander of the defenders of the Alamo
  • was determined to hold his position and managed to send messages through Mexican lines asking for assistance, but none came
  • was killed in the Battle of the Alamo
  • his death made Texas fight harder for their independence
45
Q

Lone Star Republic

A

*

47
Q

Lone Star Republic

A
  • Texans led by Sam Houston that stormed into Texas (1836)
  • Houston captured Santa Anna and forced him to sign two treaties to withdraw Mexican troops and recognize Rio Grande as a part of Texas
  • he denied its legality since it was under force *Jackson gave Houston and Texas recognition of independence
48
Q

San Jacinto

A

*place where Sam Houston defeated Santa Anna

49
Q

Moses Austin

A
  • born in CN
  • although determined to be Spanish & pledged allegiance to the King of Spain
  • asked to establish a colony of 300 families in Texas
50
Q

Anglos

A

*a white, English-speaking American as distinct from a Hispanic American.

51
Q

Log Cabin

A

*popular symbol of the bogus but effective campaign the Whigs used to elect “poor-boy” William Henry Harrison in 1840

52
Q

Hard Cinder

A

*popular symbol of the bogus but effective campaign the Whigs used to elect “poor-boy” William Henry Harrison in 1840

53
Q

“Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”

A
  • slogan from the presidential election of 1840

* Tippecanoe was the Whig presidential candidate William Henry

54
Q

Election of 1840

A
  • Martin van Buren was re-nominated by democrats and Tyler

* lost to Harrison and the Whig’s “log cabin and hard cider” campaign

55
Q

Fredrick Jackson Turner

A
  • historian who stressed the role of the western frontier in American history
  • claimed that American history had been a study of expansion and settlement of a succession of “Wests,” and that prolonged frontier experience had affected the thinking of the American people
55
Q

Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr.

A

*a specialist in American history

57
Q

Richard Hofstadter

A

*believed jacksonian was not a rejection of capitalism, but the effort of inspiring entrepreneurs to secure their own policies against their competitor

APUSH (14 decks)

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