Chapter 5 Chemical Structures

Question 0

Single bonds have what kind of rotation

Answer 0

Free rotation

Question 1

Structural isomer

Answer 1

Chemicals that have the same formula but the atoms are arranged in different organization

Question 2

Double bonds have what kind of rotation

Answer 2

No rotation because the double bonds lock it into place

Question 3

Cis means

Answer 3

Same side 
            H          H
              \         /
               C==C
              /          \
   HOOC             COOH

Question 4

Trans means

Answer 4

Different side 
     HOOC          H
              \         /
               C==C
              /          \
   HOOC             H

Question 5

What is the only difference between cis and trans

Answer 5

The orientation around the double bond

Question 6

Unsaturated fats use what kind of bonds

Answer 6

Cis- double bonds

Question 7

What is a tetrahedral

Answer 7

Carbons with four single bonds have a tetrahedral geometry

Question 8

What is a stereoisomer

Answer 8

They are identical to each other except for they are not superimposable mirrors of each other

Chiral molecules**

Question 9

Enantiomers

Answer 9

They are mirror images of each other.

Ex: All four groups on the molecule are different from each other we can't superimposed them on top of each other but we can reflect them in the mirror.
    O                           O
      |                            |
N--C--OH           OH--C--N
      |                             |
     H                           H

Question 10

Diastereomer

Answer 10

Not mirror images of each other

        CH3                 CH3
          |                         |
    X--C--H             H--C--X
          |                         |
    Y--C--H              Y--C--H
          |                         |
       CH3                    CH3

Question 11

R configuration

Answer 11

Turns left (clockwise)

Question 12

S configuration

Answer 12

Turns right (counterclockwise )

Question 13

How do you figure out if it is a R or S shape

Answer 13

You add up the atomic weight of the first Adam if it is a tie then you add the weight of the next atomm to see which one is heavier

Question 14

Glucose and fructose are what type of isomers

Answer 14

Structural

Question 15

The type of double bonds found in most unsaturated fatty acid’s are

Answer 15

Cis

Question 16

A structure has a pH 6 another solution has a pH 5 the pH 5 solution is how many times more acidic than the pH 6 solution

Answer 16

10x

Question 17

Solution has a pH 6 another solution has a pH 4 for the pH 4 solution how many times more acidic than the pH 6 solution

Answer 17

100x

Question 18

A solution has a pH 6 another solution has a pH 10 the pH 10 solutions how many times more basic than the pH 6 solution

Answer 18

10,000

Question 19

Drug with the carboxylate group will have what charge on that group if the pH of the solution is significantly less and it’s pKa

Answer 19

0

Question 20

A drug with the carboxylate group will have what charge on that group if the pH of the solution is significantly more then it’s pKa

Answer 20

-1

Question 21

A drug with the carboxylate group will have what charge on that group if the pH of the solution is the same as it’s pKa

Answer 21

Half of the molecules will be -1 and half will be neutral