Cell review Flashcards
Nucleus is used to hold
Genetic material
Ribosomes do
Protein synthesis
The Golgi apparatus does
Proteins sorting kind of like the UPS
The mitochondria does
ATP synthesis this is also known as the powerhouse
In a prokaryotic cell the pili does what
Provides points of adhesions to the surface of other cells
In a prokaryotic cell the nucleoid is used to
Contains a single simple long circular DNA molecule
In a prokaryotic cell of the flagella does
Propel the cell through it surroundings
The prokaryotic cell is about the size of
Mitochondria
Membrane lipid’s building blocks are
Fatty acids
Protein building blocks are
Amino acids
DNA building blocks are
Nucleic acid
Complex carbohydrate building blocks are
Simple sugars
How many electrons are in the valence electron shell
1 2(He)
2 3 4 5 6 7 8What are the number of electrons that will hold in electron outershell
2 8 8 18 18
Trace elements are
Elements that are needed in small amounts but we need them
Iron, magnesium
Bulk elements are
Found in abundance in the body
How many valence electrons are on a neutral oxygen atom
6
Which atoms are ions (electrolytes) in the aqueous portions of our cells and extracellualar space andn for the most common ones know the charge each has
H+
Na+
K+(gets rid of 1 electron in outermost shell)
Mg++
Ca++(gets rid of 2 electrons in outershell)
Cl-(except an electron since it has 7 valence electrons already)
What is the charge of a potassium ion
+1
What is the charge of the sodium ion
+1
What is the charge of a calcium ion
+2
What is the charge of the chlorine ion
Cl -1
What is the number of bonds that hydrogen can make
1
Number of bonds that carbon can make
4 or
3 bonds with a negative charge CN-
Number of bonds that nitrogen can make
3 bonds or
4 bonds with a positive charge NH4+
Number of bonds that P can make
3 or 5***
Number of bonds that O can make
2 bonds
Number of bonds that S can make
2 or 6
Number of bonds that F, can make
1 bond
How many covalent bonds does a neutral carbon make
4
How many covalent bonds can iodine make
1
How many bonds can carbon form with hydrogen
1
How many bonds can carbon form with oxygen
Single, double, or triple bonds to oxygen
How many bonds can carbon make to nitrogen
Single, double, or triple bonds to nitrogen
Carbon can form how many bonds with another carbon
Single, double, or triple bonds to another carbon
How many bonds does +1 N atom make to other atoms
4
Nucleolus does
Codes for rRNA (needed to make ribosomes)
A nuclear membrane does
Membrane that surrounds the nucleus
Rough ER does
It is continuous with the nuclear envelope and contains ribosomes
Ribosomes do
Make proteins ( made out of RNA and some proteins)
Smooth ER does
Modifies proteins
Transport vesicles
Move pieces of the smooth ER to the Golgi complex
Peroxisome does
Special reaction that makes hydrogen peroxide
Lysosomes do
It is the recycling center that digests debris
Plasma membrane does
Separates the outside from the inside
Cytoskeleton does
They are proteins they give shape and strength
What is the charge on ion Fe
+2 or +3
What is the charge of I ion
-1
What is the charge of hydroxide ion
-1
What is the charge of F ion
-1
What is the charge of magnesium ions
+2
