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Western Civ > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Rome’s neighbor to the North was the

A

Etruscans

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2
Q

The ritual of divination

A

examining organs of slaughtered animals

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3
Q

Citizen militia of heavy armed infantry troops

A

Fighting in formation

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4
Q

The seven kings of Rome created the most famous enduring government body

A

The Senate

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5
Q

In 509, the Roman nobility deposed the etruscan kings and replaced the monarchy with an

A

aristocratic republic

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6
Q

The highest value was — which emphasized strength, loyalty, and courage, especially in war

A

Virtue

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7
Q

Was Roman society’s bedrock because it taught values and determined ownership of property

A

The family

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8
Q

Romans in general, tended to be very tolerant towards most religions and cults, so long as they did

A

Not cause trouble

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9
Q

The shrine of Vesta, goddess of the hearth and protector of the family. It was the Vestal Virgins job

A

To keep the flame from going out thus ensuring Rome’s protection

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10
Q

Traditional Roman values stressed virtue, fidelity to first and foremost

A

The common good (republic)

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11
Q

A system/institution based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations

A

Patron- client system

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12
Q

was a man of superior status who could offer financial and political assistance to people of lower status

A

A patron

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13
Q

Forum

A

The city’s public center

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14
Q

Patricians

A

Small group of aristocratic families who could trace their ancestry to one of the 100 Patricians at the founding of the city

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15
Q

Plebeians

A

They were the majority of free Roman citizens of the lower class

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16
Q

The struggle between the classes began over

A

Marriage, wealthy Plebeians insisted on the right to marry Patricians as social equals

17
Q

the number one bargaining chip for the plebeians during this period was the refusal of

A

military service

18
Q

Who possessed the authority to veto any legislation and contradict any device from the senate if they deemed it harmful or injurious to the Plebeians

A

Tribunes

19
Q

A written law code in 451 BC, establishing basic procedural rights for all Roman citizens. Best protection against social strife

A

The Twelve Tables

20
Q

By 287 the plebeian assembly was making laws that were binding on ALL Romans called

A

Plebiscites

21
Q

Membership to ALL assemblies required

A

Previous military service

22
Q

Centuriate assembly- only the centuriate assembly

A

Could declare war and elect the top 3 magistrates

23
Q

The highest office in the Republic of Rome

A

Consuls

24
Q

The Senate possessed 3 important powers:

A

-they controlled the Treasury
-they controlled the State religions and oversaw the cults
-in a state of emergency the Senate could name a dictator

25
Q

The 2 main reasons for Rome’s remarkable expansion

A

fear from attacks and desire for wealth

26
Q

Approach to governance of conquered foes

A

The hammer in the velvet glove

27
Q

The 2 most significant Roman inventions that enabled to build throughout the Mediterranean world

A

Concrete and the Roman Arch

28
Q

…were constructed up and down the italian peninsula for quick troop movement

A

Roads

29
Q

Enabled the cities to grow

A

Aqueducts

30
Q

Worst Roman military defeat EVER

A

Battle of Cannae

31
Q

Disgruntled Groups:
veterans

A

not rewarded for service

32
Q

Supporting the common people

A

Populares

33
Q

Supporting the social elites or status que.

A

Optimates

34
Q

Marius initiated reforms to allow landless rural residents and urban workers into the army

A

Gaius Marius

35
Q

The First Triumvirate

A

Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar

36
Q

Caesar’s Reign and Significantly important/ popular policies

A

-moderate debt cancellation, especially for his allies
-a large scale program of public works
-colonies (land) for his veterans
-expanded citizenship
-clemency for his political enemies

37
Q

March 15, 44 BC

A

The Ides of March

Western Civ (7 decks)

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