Chapter 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Rome’s neighbor to the North was the

A

Etruscans

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2
Q

The ritual of divination

A

examining organs of slaughtered animals

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3
Q

Citizen militia of heavy armed infantry troops

A

Fighting in formation

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4
Q

The seven kings of Rome created the most famous enduring government body

A

The Senate

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5
Q

In 509, the Roman nobility deposed the etruscan kings and replaced the monarchy with an

A

aristocratic republic

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6
Q

The highest value was — which emphasized strength, loyalty, and courage, especially in war

A

Virtue

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7
Q

Was Roman society’s bedrock because it taught values and determined ownership of property

A

The family

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8
Q

Romans in general, tended to be very tolerant towards most religions and cults, so long as they did

A

Not cause trouble

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9
Q

The shrine of Vesta, goddess of the hearth and protector of the family. It was the Vestal Virgins job

A

To keep the flame from going out thus ensuring Rome’s protection

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10
Q

Traditional Roman values stressed virtue, fidelity to first and foremost

A

The common good (republic)

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11
Q

A system/institution based on a network of relationships characterized by mutual obligations

A

Patron- client system

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12
Q

was a man of superior status who could offer financial and political assistance to people of lower status

A

A patron

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13
Q

Forum

A

The city’s public center

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14
Q

Patricians

A

Small group of aristocratic families who could trace their ancestry to one of the 100 Patricians at the founding of the city

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15
Q

Plebeians

A

They were the majority of free Roman citizens of the lower class

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16
Q

The struggle between the classes began over

A

Marriage, wealthy Plebeians insisted on the right to marry Patricians as social equals

17
Q

the number one bargaining chip for the plebeians during this period was the refusal of

A

military service

18
Q

Who possessed the authority to veto any legislation and contradict any device from the senate if they deemed it harmful or injurious to the Plebeians

19
Q

A written law code in 451 BC, establishing basic procedural rights for all Roman citizens. Best protection against social strife

A

The Twelve Tables

20
Q

By 287 the plebeian assembly was making laws that were binding on ALL Romans called

A

Plebiscites

21
Q

Membership to ALL assemblies required

A

Previous military service

22
Q

Centuriate assembly- only the centuriate assembly

A

Could declare war and elect the top 3 magistrates

23
Q

The highest office in the Republic of Rome

24
Q

The Senate possessed 3 important powers:

A

-they controlled the Treasury
-they controlled the State religions and oversaw the cults
-in a state of emergency the Senate could name a dictator

25
The 2 main reasons for Rome's remarkable expansion
fear from attacks and desire for wealth
26
Approach to governance of conquered foes
The hammer in the velvet glove
27
The 2 most significant Roman inventions that enabled to build throughout the Mediterranean world
Concrete and the Roman Arch
28
...were constructed up and down the italian peninsula for quick troop movement
Roads
29
Enabled the cities to grow
Aqueducts
30
Worst Roman military defeat EVER
Battle of Cannae
31
Disgruntled Groups: veterans
not rewarded for service
32
Supporting the common people
Populares
33
Supporting the social elites or status que.
Optimates
34
Marius initiated reforms to allow landless rural residents and urban workers into the army
Gaius Marius
35
The First Triumvirate
Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar
36
Caesar's Reign and Significantly important/ popular policies
-moderate debt cancellation, especially for his allies -a large scale program of public works -colonies (land) for his veterans -expanded citizenship -clemency for his political enemies
37
March 15, 44 BC
The Ides of March