chapter 5

Question 1

sonorants

Answer 1

resonance occurs throughout the vocal tract

minimal constriction

nasals, liquids, glides

Question 2

obstruents

Answer 2

produced by creating turbulence @ the point of constriction

stops, fricatives, & affricates

Question 3

prevocalic

Answer 3

before the vowel

Question 4

postvocalic

Answer 4

after the vowel

Question 5

intervocalic

Answer 5

between 2 vowels

Question 6

cognates

Answer 6

consonants that share the same place & manner of articulation

differ in voicing

Question 7

stops

Answer 7

produced by completely obstructing the airstream in the oral cavity

velum is raised to prevent airflow into the nasal cavity

Question 8

bilabial

Answer 8

lips come together

Question 9

alveolar

Answer 9

tongue contacts the alveolar ridge

Question 10

velar

Answer 10

back of the tongue contacts the velum

Question 11

voiced stops have 2 sound sources, what are they

Answer 11

vocal fold vibration

turbulent airflow @ the constriction point

Question 12

voiceless stops sound source

Answer 12

point of constriction

Question 13

bilabial stops

Answer 13

/p/ & /b/

Question 14

alveolar stops

Answer 14

/t/ & /d/

Question 15

homorganic sounds

Answer 15

phonemes that share the same place of articulation

Question 16

syllabic consonants

Answer 16

when a consonant takes on the role of the nucleus of a syllable, replacing the vowel

Question 17

velar stops

Answer 17

/k/ & /g/

Question 18

nasal consonants

Answer 18

/m/, /n/, & /ŋ/

Question 19

are all nasals voiced or voiceless

Answer 19

voiced

Question 20

fricatives

Answer 20

produced by forcing air through a narrow channel, creating turbulent noise @ the point of constriction

Question 21

labiodental fricatives

Answer 21

/f/ & /v/

Question 22

interdental fricatives

Answer 22

/θ/ & /ð/

Question 23

alveolar fricatives

Answer 23

/s/ & /z/

Question 24

postalveolar fricatives

Answer 24

/ʃ/ & /ʒ/

Question 25

voiceless fricative

Answer 25

/h/

Question 26

affricates

Answer 26

/tʃ/ & /dʒ/

Question 27

approximants

Answer 27

behave like both vowels & consonants

voiced & do not usually form syllable nuclei

Question 28

glides

Answer 28

involve gliding motion

always prevocalic

shorter than diphthong glides

/j/ & /w/

Question 29

liquids

Answer 29

no reference to liquid production

categorized for phonemic reasons

/ɹ/ & /l/