chapter 5 Flashcards
sonorants
resonance occurs throughout the vocal tract
minimal constriction
nasals, liquids, glides
obstruents
produced by creating turbulence @ the point of constriction
stops, fricatives, & affricates
prevocalic
before the vowel
postvocalic
after the vowel
intervocalic
between 2 vowels
cognates
consonants that share the same place & manner of articulation
differ in voicing
stops
produced by completely obstructing the airstream in the oral cavity
velum is raised to prevent airflow into the nasal cavity
bilabial
lips come together
alveolar
tongue contacts the alveolar ridge
velar
back of the tongue contacts the velum
voiced stops have 2 sound sources, what are they
vocal fold vibration
turbulent airflow @ the constriction point
voiceless stops sound source
point of constriction
bilabial stops
/p/ & /b/
alveolar stops
/t/ & /d/
homorganic sounds
phonemes that share the same place of articulation
syllabic consonants
when a consonant takes on the role of the nucleus of a syllable, replacing the vowel
velar stops
/k/ & /g/
nasal consonants
/m/, /n/, & /ŋ/
are all nasals voiced or voiceless
voiced
fricatives
produced by forcing air through a narrow channel, creating turbulent noise @ the point of constriction
labiodental fricatives
/f/ & /v/
interdental fricatives
/θ/ & /ð/
alveolar fricatives
/s/ & /z/
postalveolar fricatives
/ʃ/ & /ʒ/
voiceless fricative
/h/
affricates
/tʃ/ & /dʒ/
approximants
behave like both vowels & consonants
voiced & do not usually form syllable nuclei
glides
involve gliding motion
always prevocalic
shorter than diphthong glides
/j/ & /w/
liquids
no reference to liquid production
categorized for phonemic reasons
/ɹ/ & /l/
