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Microbiology > Chapter 5 > Flashcards

Chapter 5 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does the bacterial chromosome have?

A

Genes

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2
Q

What 2 features of bacteria are all these genes essential for?

A

Survival

Replication

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3
Q

Describe Plasmid

A

Double stranded DNA

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4
Q

Describe this double stranded DNA

A

Extra-chromosomal

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5
Q

Where is the plasmid found in the bacterial cell?

A

Cytoplasm

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6
Q

What is the plasmid capable of doing in the cytoplasm?

A

Self-replication

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7
Q

What is the relationship between the plasmid and the bacterial growth?

A

Not essential for bacterial growth

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8
Q

Why isn’t the plasmid essential for bacterial growth?

A

Bacteria unaffected by its loss

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9
Q

What are the 2 plasma types?

A

Conjugative

Non-conjugative

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10
Q

According to what feature is the plasmid classified into 2 types?

A

Transfer properties

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11
Q

Describe is the size of Conjugative plasmid

A

Large

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12
Q

What does Conjugative plasmid pose?

2 points

A

Genes

F factor

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13
Q

What do the genes of Conjugative factor code for? (3 points)

A

Self-replication
DNA Transfer
Sex Pilus

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14
Q

Describe the number of copies of Conjugative plasmid

A

Few

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15
Q

What is the number of copies of Conjugative plasmid/cell?

A

1-5

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16
Q

What is the Conjugative plasmid referred to as?

A

Stringent

17
Q

Which bacteria is Conjugative plasmid found in?

A

Gram Negative Bacilli

18
Q

Describe the size of Non-Conjugative plasmid

A

Small

19
Q

What does Non-Conjugative plasmid lack?

2 points

A

Sex Pilus genes

F Factor

20
Q

Describe the number of copies of Non-Conjugative plasmid

A

Large

21
Q

What is the number of copies of Non-Conjugative plasmid/cell?

A

> 30

22
Q

What is the Non-Conjugative plasmid referred to as?

A

Relaxed

23
Q

Which bacteria is Non-Conjugative plasmid found in?

A

Gram Positive Cocci

24
Q

How is Non-Conjugative plasmid transferred?

A

By Conjugative plasmid

25
Q

What does F in F factor strand for?

A

Fertility

26
Q

What does R in R factor strand for?

A

Resistance

27
Q

What is the function of F factor?

A

Codes for Sex Pili

28
Q

What is the function of R factor?

A

Carries antibiotic resistance genes

29
Q

Describe Transposable genetic elements

A

DNA segments

30
Q

What is an alternative name for Transposable genetic elements?

A

Jumping genes

31
Q

Why are the Transposable genetic elements called Jumping genes?

A

Move from one location to another

32
Q

Within what do Transposable genetic elements move from one location to another?

A

DNA

33
Q

What are the Transposable genetic elements not capable of?

A

Self-Replication

34
Q

What does the Transposable genetic elements play a role in? (3 points)

A

Gene mutation
Antibiotic resistance
Contribution

35
Q

What does the Transposable genetic elements contribute to?

A

Virulence

36
Q

What does the Transposable genetic elements contribute to virulence in?

A

Pathogenic organisms

37
Q

What are the 4 Transposable genetic elements?

A

Pathogenicity Islands (PAIs)
Insertion sequences
Integrons
Transposons (Tn)

Microbiology (12 decks)

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