Chapter 40 Vocab

Question 1

Anterior-cord syndrome

Answer 1

set of s/s due to pressure/injury on anterior spinal cord, such as from bone frag and compression of blood vessels

Question 2

Ascending spinal tracts

Answer 2

bundle of nerve fibers in spinal cord that carry impulses from body to brain

Question 3

Atlas

Answer 3

the first cervical vertebra

Question 4

Axis

Answer 4

2nd cervical vertebra

Question 5

Brown-Sequard syndrome

Answer 5

set of s/s produced by hemitransection of the spinal cord

Question 6

Central-cord syndrome

Answer 6

set of s/s due to an injury to the center portion of the spinal cord, usually from hyperextension of the cervical spine

Question 7

Complete spinal-cord injury

Answer 7

total disruption of the spinal cord; total loss of neurological function distal to damage

Question 8

Compression

Answer 8

mechanism in which pressure is applied vertically to the spine

Question 9

Descending spinal tracts

Answer 9

bundles of nerve fibers in the spinal cord that carry motor impulses from the brain to the body; they control motor activity and muscle tone

Question 10

Distracting injury

Answer 10

painful or concerning condition that distracts pt from other symptoms, like tingling in hands

Question 11

Distraction

Answer 11

mechanism that places axial traction and can result in forceful seperation of vertebrae or stretching of the spinal cord

Question 12

Hyperextension

Answer 12

movement of a joint beyond its normal range of motion to a greater angle of the opposing structure

Question 13

Hyperflexion

Answer 13

movement of a joint beyond it’s normal range to a lesser angle of the opposing structure

Question 14

Incomplete spine injury

Answer 14

damage to the spinal cord that does not go all the way through the diameter

Question 15

Intervertebral disk

Answer 15

cartilagenous disk that separates the vertebrae from each other, acts as shock absorber

Question 16

Neural foramina

Answer 16

openings between vertebrae through which nerves leave the spine and extend to the other parts of the body

Question 17

Neurogenic hypotension

Answer 17

hypotension as a result of vasodilation due to loss of sympathetic nerve control of blood vessel diameter

Question 18

Neurogenic shock

Answer 18

hypoperfusion due to neurogenic hypotension

Question 19

Neurologic dysfunction

Answer 19

abnormal neurologic function

Question 20

Primary injury

Answer 20

trauma to the spinal cord resulting from compression or shearing of the cord

Question 21

Rapid extrication

Answer 21

systematic procedure used to quickly remove a critical pt from a vehicle while minimizing movement of the spine

Question 22

Reflexes

Answer 22

involuntary response to stimuli

Question 23

Secondary injury

Answer 23

damage to the spinal cord that occurs after the initial injury, usually from swelling, ischemia

Question 24

Spinal shock

Answer 24

concussion like injury to the spinal cord that causes temporary neurologic deficits below injury site

Question 25

Spinal-column inury

Answer 25

injury to one or more vertebrae

Question 26

Spinal-cord concussion

Answer 26

temporary disruption of normal spinal cord function below the site of injury

Question 27

Spinal-cord injury

Answer 27

traumatic condition that results from impairment of spinal cord function, with or w/o radiological evidence of injury