Chapter 10 Vocab Flashcards
Anaphylaxis
Life-threatening allergic reaction that produces shock through vasodilation and fluid shift
Anatomical dead space
part of airway where gas is present, but no mechanism to exchange gas with blood
Apoptosis
cell death because the cell is programmed to since it is damaged
Asphyxiation
cellular deprivation of O2
Atelectasis
an airless state in which the alveoli are collapsed
Cardiomyopathy
heart disorder where it is enlarged and cannot function effectively
Clinical impression
preliminary idea of what the patient’s problem is based on vitals, signs/symptoms, and prior knowledge
Compensated shock
state of inadequate perfusion where body can adjust to keep perfusion at cost of circulation to peripheral tissues
Decompensated shock
state of inadequate perfusion where body can no longer adjust to provide to O2 to organs
Defibrillation
electrical current to heart from pads that stops V tach and V fib
Diabetic ketoacidosis
hyperglycemic emergency where patient has dehydration, acidosis, and electrolyte imbalance
Dysrhythmia
heart rate that is irregular, tachy or brady, or that starts from site other an SA node
Hemorrhagic shock
inadequate tissue perfusion due to blood loss
Hyperpyrexia
extremely high fever, above 106 F
Hyperthermia
Higher than normal body temp, normally due to environment
Hypothermia
Lower than normal body temp
Hypoxia
decreased level of O2 at cellular level
Irreversible shock
state of shock, where even with resuscitation, the patient will ultimately die due to tissue damage
Ischemia
severely diminished or absent blood flow to tissues
Ischemic phase
phase of shock where capillary sphinters constrict to diverted blood away from peripheral tissues and GI system
Lactic acid
chemical formed from pyruvate in anaerobic metabolism
Metabolic acidosis
a decreased blood pH, and decrease in bicarbonate level in blood
Pathology
study of disease states
Pathophysiology
the study of impact of diseases on the body and the body’s response
Pneumothorax
accumulation of air between pleural layers, occupying where lungs would normally be
Pulmonary edema
increase in interstitial fluid in lungs, increasing distance from gases to travel during respiration exchange
Pulmonary embolism
obstruction of pulmonary circulation by blood clot, etc.
Pyruvate
initial substance formed in anaerobic phase of cellular metabolism. O2 uses it for ATP production in Krebs cycle, or w/out it becomes lactic acid.
Respiratory arrest
an absence of breathing; apnea
Respiratory failure
inability to maintain adequate ventilation and O2
Shock
State where tissue perfusion is not enough for metabolic needs
Signs
indications of injury or illness that can be observed
Sodium/Potassium pump
mechanism of cell that uses energy to exchange Na+ and K+ across the membrane
Stagnant phase
phase of shock where precapillary sphinter fails, and blood enters capillaries, but is blocked by postcapillary sphincter where it pools, collecting lactic acid and forming clots
