chapter 4 vocab Flashcards
what parts make up the upper respiratory tract (3)?
-nose and adjacent structures (cavity, sinuses)
-pharynx
-larynx
what parts make up the lower respiratory tract (3)?
-trachea
-bronchi and alveoli
-lungs
what are the nostrils/nares?
opening to the nose
what is the nasal septum?
the structure separating the left and right airways in the nose
what are nasal cavities lined by?
mucus membranes containing sebaceous glands and hair follicles
what is mucus?
a substance created for lubrication and protection, produced by mucous membranes that line the nasal cavities
what is the floor of the nasal cavity made of?
the hard and soft palate of the mouth
what is an upper respiratory infection (URI)?
a viral infection of one or more of these structures
what is rhinorrhagia? what is another name for it?
-bleeding from the nose
-epistaxis
what is rhinitis
inflammation of the nasal mucosa
what is rhinorrhea? what is it commonly referred to as?
-medical term for excess mucus production by the nasal cavity
-runny nose
what is the function of the sinuses?
warm and humidify incoming air
what are the four sinuses
- frontal
- maxillary
- sphenoidal
- ethmoidal
what is sinusitis?
refers to inflammation of the sinus
what are the three major regions of the pharynx?
- nasopharynx
- oropharynx
- laryngopharynx
what is an adenoid (pharyngeal tonsil)?
collection of lymphatic tissue found at the back of the nasal cavity, trap and destroy invading pathogens
what is the uvula?
bulbous structure, closes nasopharynx when swallowing food
what are the eustachian tubes?
connect middle ear cavities with nasopharynx
what is pharyngitis?
inflammation of the pharynx
what is tonsillitis?
refers to inflammation of the tonsils
what is adenoiditis
inflammation of the adenoids
what structures are found in the nasopharynx?
adenoids, uvula, eustachian tubes
what structures are found in the oropharynx?
palatine tonsils and lingual tonsils
what does the oropharynx do?
traps and destroys pathogens that enter oral or nasal cavities