Chapter 4 Epithelial and Connective tissue

Question 1

6 basic characteristics of epithelial tissue

Answer 1

protective/secretory/absorptive (polar) lining, tightly packed, apical (free) surface, basement membrane, avascular, basal cells readily divide

Question 2

describe simple epithelium and where it will be found generally

Answer 2

single cell layer; anywhere absorption, secretion, and filtration occur

Question 3

give an example of where simple squamous can be found

Answer 3

lung tissue

Question 4

give an example of where simple cuboidal will be found

Answer 4

kidneys

Question 5

give an example of where simple columnar will be found

Answer 5

digestive tract

Question 6

describe stratified epithelia and where commonly it’ll be found generally

Answer 6

two or more cell layers stacked on top of each other; any high-abrasion areas

Question 7

give an example of where you can find stratified squamous

Answer 7

skin and mouth

Question 8

describe transitional epithelia and where it will be found

Answer 8

made to be able to stretch; urinary organs

Question 9

describe pseudostratified columnar epithelium and what locations is it commonly found in

Answer 9

varies in height which gives appearance of multiple layers; respiratory airways, trachea and bronchi

Question 10

what is a gland?

Answer 10

consists of one or more cells that make a secrete a secretion

Question 11

exocrine gland excrete

Answer 11

externally

Question 12

endocrine gland excrete

Answer 12

internally

Question 13

what do endocrine glands mostly produce for the body?

Answer 13

hormones

Question 14

define merocrine glands and give two examples

Answer 14

excrete product through exocytosis; sweat (sudoriferous) glands and pancreas

Question 15

define and give an example of holocrine glands

Answer 15

accumulate products until rupture in order to excrete; oil (sebaceous) glands

Question 16

define apocrine glands

Answer 16

cells that pinch off in order to excrete product

Question 17

what three things are connective tissue composed of?

Answer 17

ground substance, fibers, and cells

Question 18

what cells and fibers make up areolar tissue and what are two examples of its purpose?

Answer 18

fibroblasts/cytes and mixed fibers; binds epithelial tissues to underlying structures and provides blood supply

Question 19

what cells and fibers make up dense connective tissue and what is its main purpose

Answer 19

fibroblasts/cytes and mixed fibers but usually more so of one type; binds body parts together; ex. ligaments and tendons

Question 20

what cells and fibers are found in reticular tissue and what is its purpose

Answer 20

fibroblasts/cytes and reticular fibers; framework for lymphatic structures such as liver, spleen, and lymph nodes

Question 21

what cells and fibers are found in adipose tissue and what is its purpose

Answer 21

adipocytes and a tiny number of collagenous fibers; cushion, insulate, and provide energy

Question 22

where can hyaline cartilage be found?

Answer 22

articular surface of bone or costal cartilage

Question 23

where can elastic cartilage be found?

Answer 23

ears and larynx

Question 24

what cells and matrix is bone composed of

Answer 24

osteo-cells; solid matrix with calcium and phosphorous

Question 25

what three things is blood composed of?

Answer 25

red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets