Chapter 4: Energy Transfer Flashcards
energy of an object in motion
kinetic energy
stored energy
potential energy
study of energy and its transformations
thermodynamics
does not exchange matter or energy with its surroundings
isolated system
exchanges energy with its surroundings
closed system
exchanges both energy and matter with its surroundings
open system
energy can be transformed from one form to another, or transferred from one place to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed
first law of thermodynamics
the total disorder (entropy) of a system and its surroundings always increases
second law of thermodynamics
a chemical or physical reaction that will occur without an input of energy
spontaneous reaction
reactions that release energy
exothermic
reactions that absorb energy
endothermic
the potential energy in a system
enthalpy
the portion of a system’s energy that is available to do work
free energy
consists of the 5 carbon sugar ribose linked to the nitrogenous base adenine and a chain of three phosphate groups
adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
