Chapter 1: Evolution Life on Earth Flashcards

1
Q

smallest unity with the capacity to live and reproduce, independently or as part of a multicellular organism

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the branch of science concerned with classification, especially of organisms; systematics

A

Taxonomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Most inclusive group?

A

Domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

put in order from most to least.

family, phylum, kingdom, class, species, genus, order

A

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

includes all populations of individuals that have very similar structure, biochemistry, and behavior, and can successfully interbreed

A

species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a group of similar species that share recent common ancestry

A

genus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scientific name.
First part identifies what?
Second part?

A

genus, a species within that genus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Eukarya

A

Domain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Animalia

A

Kingdom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Chordata

A

Phylum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Mammalia

A

Class

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Primates

A

Order

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Hominidae

A

Family

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Homo Sapiens

A

Species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Homo

A

Genus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What did Charles Darwin study?

A

evolution of finches

17
Q

Example: pigeon breeders who wished to promote a certain characteristic in animal

A

artificial selection

18
Q

Example: pigeons that find a characteristic that is desirable and breed in nature

A

natural selection

19
Q

the origin and inheritance of new variations arise from the structure and variability of DNA

A

genes

20
Q

variability among individuals arises through random changes in the structure, number or arrangement of DNA molecules

A

mutations

21
Q

favorable mutations may produce characteristics that help an organism survive

A

adaptations

22
Q

biologists use DNA and other biological molecules to construct this illustration

A

phylogenetic trees

23
Q

bacteria and archea, dNA in their cells is not separated from other cellular components

A

prokaryotes

24
Q

the eukarya, dNA is enclosed in a separate structure (nucleus) within the cells

A

eukaryotes

25
Q

specialized internal compartments within the cell

A

organelles

26
Q

which domain?

  • microscopic unicellular organisms
  • found everywhere on earth
  • metabolic processes
A

domain bacteria

27
Q

which domain?

  • microscopic unicellular ogranisms
  • inhabit extreme environments
  • distinctive structural molecules
A

domain archea

28
Q

which domain?

  • actually represent several kingdoms
  • includes a variety of unicellular and multicellular organisms such as protozoa and algae
A

domain eukarya, kingdom protoctista

29
Q

which domain?

  • mostly photosythetic multicellular organisms
  • producers such as flowering plants, conifers, and mosses
A

domain eukarya, kingdom plantae

30
Q

which domain?
decomposers that breakdown and absorb biological molecules from dead organisms
-includes yeasts and molds

A

domain eukarya, kingdom fungi

31
Q

which domain?

  • multicellular consumers
  • move actively from one place to another during some stage of their life cycles
A

domain eukarya, kingdom animalia